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Table 3 Socio-demographic and mental health-related characteristics by latent class

From: Emotional response patterns, mental health, and structural vulnerability during the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada: a latent class analysis

 

Class 1 (most at risk) (n = 469)

Class 2 (mixed risk) (n = 214)

Class 3 (norm/ reference) (n = 1519)

Class 4 (most protected) (n = 807)

Total (n = 3009)

Age (years) **

 18–34 (%)

16.6

17.3

13.4

10.5

13.4

 35–54 (%)

45.0

38.3

44.6

31.6

40.7

 55 + (%)

38.4

44.4

42.1

57.9

45.9

Income**

 < $25 k (%)

13.4

8.3

6.4

7.0

7.8

 $25 k-$50 k (%)

20.2

11.7

17.7

16.1

17.2

 $50 k-$100 k (%)

31.1

33.0

34.9

37.5

34.9

 $100 k + (%)

35.3

47.1

41.0

39.4

40.1

Gender**

 Cisgender woman (%)

60.6

59.3

48.5

44.4

50.0

 Cisgender man (%)

38.0

39.3

50.8

53.4

48.7

 Trans identities1 (%)

1.5

1.4

.8

2.2

1.3

LGBT2Q + **

 Yes/unsure2 (%)

10.4

9.8

7.4

5.1

7.4

 No

89.6

90.2

92.6

94.9

92.6

Race/ethnicity**

 Non-racialized (%)

75.7

79.0

71.9

73.2

73.4

 Racialized (non-Indigenous) (%)

19.0

17.6

25.0

24.5

23.4

 Indigenous (%)

5.3

3.3

3.1

2.4

3.3

Employment3

 Working (full or part time) (%)**

49.5

52.8

57.0

46.7

52.8

 Student (full or part time) (%)NS

3.0

0.9

1.8

1.4

1.8

 Retired (%)**

23.7

26.2

28.7

43.1

31.6

 Unemployed (%)**

7.5

13.1

4.9

3.3

5.5

 Parent/Guardian (< 18) (%)**

17.9

25.2

22.1

15.2

19.8

 Pre-existing mental health condition (%)**

37.4

27.7

13.9

7.6

16.9

Sleep quality**

 Fairly good or very good

38.0

68.1

70.4

87.2

69.7

 Fairly bad or very bad

62.0

31.9

29.6

12.8

30.3

Overall coping**

 Well

51.5

88.0

87.8

98.5

84.9

 Not well

48.5

12.0

12.2

1.5

15.1

Current mental health**

 Good, very good or excellent

45.8

85.0

85.6

98.4

82.8

 Fair or poor

54.2

15.0

14.4

1.6

17.2

Deterioration in mental health**

 Same or better

15.8

42.5

59.4

90.9

59.8

 Worse

84.2

57.5

40.6

9.1

40.2

  1. 1 This includes participants who identified as trans women, trans men, non-binary, and Two-Spirit
  2. 2 Participants who indicated “unsure” when asked if they identified as LGBTQ2 + were included here to capture individuals who may be questioning their sexual orientation and/or holding fluid sexual identities
  3. 3 Categories of employment represent separate independent variables and are not mutually exclusive
  4. ** P < 0.01, NS = not significant