From: Prevalence and risk factors for transactional sex among Swedish-born and foreign-born MSM in Sweden
Characteristics | Selling sex | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ever selling sex | Selling sex in the previous 5 years | |||||
All MSM (n = 3596) | Swedish-born MSM (n = 3051) | Foreign-born MSM (n = 534) | All MSM (n = 3699) | Swedish-born MSM (n = 3134) | Foreign-born MSM (n = 382) | |
aOR (95% CI) | ||||||
Age (ref: ≥ 65) | 1.00 (reference) | |||||
<20 | 3.19 (1.58–6.45)* | 2.88 (1.34–6.18)* | 6.81 (0.76–61.10) | 15.08 (5.48–41.52)* | 10.59 (8.19–29.50)* | 41.88 (2.77–632.96)* |
20–24 | 1.89 (1.15–3.11)* | 1.77 (1.03–3.05)* | 2.51 (0.53–11.80) | 9.01 (3.67–22.12)* | 7.91 (3.13–19.93)* | 3.51 (0.55–22.13) |
25–29 | 2.35 (1.50–3.68)* | 2.19 (1.35–3.56)* | 2.92 (0.67–12.73) | 8.03 (3.35–19.21)* | 6.73 (2.75–16.43)* | 3.31 (0.57–19.13) |
30–34 | 1.69 (1.05–2.70)* | 1.57 (0.94–2.64) | 2.10 (0.51–8.59) | 2.60 (1.00–6.69)* | 1.92 (0.68–5.38) | 1.43 (0.26–7.84) |
35–39 | 1.67 (1.04–2.66)* | 1.50 (0.90–2.49) | 2.19 (0.52–9.12) | 3.68 (1.47–9.15)* | 2.77 (1.06–7.26)* | 2.20 (0.40–12.10) |
40–44 | 1.33 (0.83–2.12) | 1.19 (0.71–1.99) | 2.17 (0.52–9.06) | 2.27 (0.88–5.86) | 1.62 (0.58–4.44) | 1.96 (0.34–11.28) |
45–49 | 0.98 (0.60–1.61) | 0.96 (0.56–1.63) | 1.18 (0.26–5.32) | 0.64 (0.19–2.13) | 0.75 (0.22–2.49) | (empty) |
50–54 | 0.80 (0.50–1.31) | 0.80 (0.47–1.33) | 0.72 (0.12–4.07) | 0.90 (0.30–2.63) | 0.67 (0.21–2.11) | (empty) |
55–59 | 0.54 (0.31–0.96)* | 0.51 (0.27–0.93)* | 0.85 (0.15–4.79) | 0.13 (0.01–1.12) | 0.14 (0.02–1.14) | (empty) |
60–64 | 0.85 (0.48–1.49) | 0.88 (0.48–1.59) | 0.82 (0.12–5.61) | 0.39 (0.08–1.97) | 0.40 (0.08–2.00) | (empty) |
Country of birth (ref: Sweden) | 1.00 (reference) | |||||
Foreign-born | 1.33 (1.02–1.73)* | - | - | 1.83 (1.25–2.66)* | - | - |
Sexual orientation (ref: Gay or homosexual) | 1.00 (reference) | |||||
Bisexual | 0.93 (0.65–1.31) | 0.94 (0.64–1.39) | 1.07 (0.45–2.57) | 1.05 (0.62–1.74) | 1.27 (0.72–2.23) | 0.44 (0.11–1.61) |
Straight or heterosexual | 0.76 (0.27–2.12) | 0.76 (0.24–2.36) | 1.09 (0.08–14.98) | 0.86 (0.22–3.30) | 0.84 (0.17–4.20) | 0.66 (0.03–11.98) |
Any other term | 0.63 (0.31–1.27) | 0.63 (0.27–1.41) | 0.63 (0.15–2.67) | 0.35 (0.12–1.02) | 0.38 (0.10–1.32) | 0.22 (0.02–1.99) |
I do not usually use a term | 1.57 (0.98–2.51) | 1.53 (0.88–2.65) | 1.29 (0.48–3.46) | 2.37 (1.30–4.29)* | 2.86 (1.42–5.77)* | 1.22 (0.34–4.29) |
Education (ref: Low level) | 1.00 (reference) | |||||
Mid-level (at least upper secondary; 2–5 years spent in full-time education since the age of 16 years) | 0.99 (0.64–1.51) | 1.11 (0.68–1.80) | 0.51 (0.17–1.49) | 0.74 (0.39–1.40) | 0.64 (0.31–1.31) | 1.09 (0.20–5.72) |
High-level (first stage tertiary education/more) | 0.74 (0.47–1.15) | 0.79 (0.48–1.32) | 0.44 (0.15–1.26) | 0.56 (0.28–1.09) | 0.44 (0.20–0.94)* | 0.92 (0.18–4.56) |
Living on present income (ref: Living really comfortably) | 1.00 (reference) | |||||
Living comfortably | 0.94 (0.70–1.26) | 0.89 (0.64–1.22) | 1.19 (0.56–2.52) | 1.40 (0.81–2.40) | 1.53 (0.79–2.95) | 1.07 (0.38–3.02) |
Neither comfortable nor struggling | 1.06 (0.77–1.45) | 1.00 (0.71–1.41) | 1.45 (0.67–3.14) | 1.51 (0.87–2.61) | 1.84 (0.95–3.53) | 0.90 (0.30–2.72) |
Struggling | 1.85 (1.29–2.64)* | 1.79 (1.21–2.64)* | 2.22 (0.85–5.79) | 2.80 (1.54–5.08)* | 2.81 (1.38–5.72)* | 3.90 (1.12–13.53)* |
Really struggling | 3.37 (2.29–4.96)* | 3.35 (2.19–5.12)* | 4.01 (1.48–10.89)* | 5.17 (2.79–9.56)* | 5.87 (2.84–12.11)* | 3.73 (0.97–14.33) |
Length of stay in Sweden | 1.00 (reference) | |||||
- | - | 0.99 (0.96–1.01) | - | - | 0.98 (0.94–1.01) | |
Reason for migration (ref: Refugees and asylum seekers) | 1.00 (reference) | |||||
Migrated to live openly as a gay/bisexual/trans | - | - | 1.75 (0.67–4.51) | - | - | 2.25 (0.63–8.07) |
Other | - | - | 1.02 (0.46–2.24) | - | - | 1.61 (0.52–4.89) |
People who knew about attraction to men (Outness) (ref: All or almost all) | 1.00 (reference) | |||||
More than half | 0.97 (0.72–1.30) | 0.88 (0.63–1.23) | 1.35 (0.69–2.61) | 1.34 (0.89–2.02) | 1.10 (0.67–1.78) | 2.69 (1.12–6.40)* |
Less than half | 0.71 (0.50–1.03) | 0.76 (0.51–1.16) | 0.43 (0.16–1.16) | 0.55 (0.29–1.01) | 0.68 (0.35–1.33) | 0.15 (0.02–1.10) |
Few | 0.50 (0.36–0.71)* | 0.47 (0.32–0.69)* | 0.54 (0.24–1.21) | 0.51 (0.30–0.86)* | 0.42 (0.22–0.76)* | 0.90 (0.28–2.80) |
None | 0.40 (0.25–0.63)* | 0.36 (0.22–0.60)* | 0.58 (0.18–1.86) | 0.40 (0.21–0.77)* | 0.24 (0.11–0.52)* | 1.97 (0.44–8.83) |
Having a steady partner (current partner) (ref: Yes, I have a steady partner) | 1.00 (reference) | |||||
No, and not sure | 0.96 (0.77–1.18) | 0.92 (0.73–1.16) | 1.12 (0.66–1.91) | 0.97 (0.69–1.36) | 1.04 (0.70–1.53) | 0.77 (0.36–1.62) |
Sex with a woman in the previous 12 months (ref: No) | 1.00 (reference) | |||||
Yes | 1.44 (1.00–2.07)* | 1.32 (0.88–1.98) | 2.83 (1.12–7.11)* | 2.22 (1.33–3.70)* | 2.16 (1.21 -3.83)* | 4.12 (1.08–15.68)* |