Table 1 Baseline characteristics in CHARLS Waves
Variables | 2011–2013/2015 (N = 3118,%) | 2013–2015 (N = 2472, %) |
|---|---|---|
Age(years) | ||
 45–54 | 36.91 | 36.08 |
 55–64 | 40.41 | 40.86 |
 65–74 | 19.08 | 19.30 |
  ≥ 75 | 3.59 | 3.76 |
Sex | ||
 Male | 54.46 | 56.47 |
 Female | 45.54 | 43.53 |
Education | ||
 Illiterate | 20.24 | 19.38 |
 Less than elementary school | 66.84 | 67.15 |
 High school | 8.92 | 9.18 |
 Above vocational school | 4.01 | 4.29 |
Marital status | ||
 Single | 8.05 | 7.85 |
 Married | 91.95 | 92.15 |
Current residence | ||
 Rural | 8.11 | 8.86 |
 Urban | 91.89 | 91.14 |
Smoking status | ||
 No | 57.41 | 56.39 |
 Former smoke | 8.60 | 8.98 |
 Current smoke | 34.00 | 34.63 |
Alcohol consumption | ||
 No | 63.53 | 62.50 |
 Less than once a month | 8.47 | 8.41 |
 More than once a month | 28.00 | 29.09 |
Having regular exercises | ||
 No exercise | 60.04 | 60.03 |
 Less than regular exercises | 19.88 | 19.74 |
 Regular l exercises | 20.08 | 20.23 |
Taking activities | ||
 No | 45.73 | 44.66 |
 Yes | 54.27 | 55.34 |
Chronic disease(counts) | ||
 0 | 40.89 | 41.83 |
 1–2 | 47.02 | 46.72 |
 3–14 | 12.09 | 11.45 |