Table 3 Unadjusted and adjusted hazard ratio estimates of overdose death by substance use type (Cox proportional hazards model) (N = 7275).

 Both

1·94 (1·45-2·61)

< 0·001

2·02 (1·47-2·78)

< 0·001

 Stimulant

0·99 (0·72-1·35)

0·9322

1·05(0·75-1·48)

0·7644

 Opioid

Sex-Female

0·54 (0·41-0·70)

< 0·001

0·53 (0·40-0·69)

< 0·001

  < 30

0·92 (0·67-1·28)

0·6249

1·07 (0·75-1·52)

0·7112

 30-39

0·68(0·48-0·96)

0·0305

0·74(0·51-1·06)

0·0974

 40-49

1·07(0·77-1·48)

0·6988

1·08(0·78-1·51)

0·6335

 50+

 Fraser

0·68 (0·50-0·92)

0·0117

0·79 (0·58-1·07)

0·1270

 Interior

0·85(0·60-1·20)

0·3479

1·01(0·71-1·44)

0·9440

 Northern

0·56(0·32-0·99)

0·0449

0·70 (0·40-1·23)

0·2163

 Vancouver Island

0·79(0·55-1·14)

0·2131

1·01 (0·69-1·47)

0·9642

 Vancouver Coastal

 None

0·82 (0·61-1·12)

0·2167

0·96 (0·69-1·33)

0·8128

 1

0·78(0·56-1·10)

0·1536

0·89(0·63-1·26)

0·5260

 2

0·67(0·47-0·95)

0·0248

0·71(0·49-1·01)

0·0564

 3+

Benzodiazepine

1·27 (0·93-1·73)

0·1317

1·19 (0·85-1·67)

0·3135

Z-drugs

1·35(0·90-2·04)

0·1521

1·21(0·79-1·86)

0·3863

Sedatives

1·23(0·97-1·58)

0·0927

1·04(0·77-1·41)

0·7836

Opioids for pain

1·16(0·87-1·55)

0·3164

1·15(0·82-1·60)

0·4152