Table 3 Findings from the linear regression for the association of mobile phone usage time and systolic, diastolic blood pressure, and heart rate
Variables | Participants (n) | Crude a β (CI 95%) e | Model 1 b β (CI 95%) | Model 2 c β (CI 95%) | Model 3 d β (CI 95%) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Systolic blood pressure | Non-users d | 1515 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Q1 | 1949 | -2.73 (-4.05, -1.42) | -0.47 (-1.79, 0.86) | -0.75 (-2.05, 0.55) | -0.82 (-2.12, 0.49) | |
Q2 | 1733 | -3.06 (-4.41, -1.7) | -0.98 (-2.35, 0.39) | -1.49 (-2.84, -0.14) | -1.64 (-3.00, -0.28) | |
Q3 | 1911 | -3.4 (-4.74, -2.05) | -0.73 (-2.12, 0.66) | -1.16 (-2.53, -0.21) | -1.17 (-2.55, -0.19) | |
Q4 | 1797 | -5.14 (-6.68, -3.59) | -2.05 (-3.65, -0.46) | -2.45 (-4.03, -0.87) | -2.52 (-4.11, -0.94) | |
Dystopic blood pressure | Non-users | 1515 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Q1 | 1949 | -1.22 (-2, -0.43) | -0.04 (-0.84, 0.77) | -0.13 (-0.93, 0.67) | -0.13 (-0.93, 0.67) | |
Q2 | 1733 | -1.93 (-2.74, -1.11) | -0.8 (-1.64, 0.03) | -1.03 (-1.86, -0.2) | -1.07 (-1.9, -0.24) | |
Q3 | 1911 | -2.16 (-2.96, -1.35) | -0.68 (-1.53, 0.16) | -0.88 (-1.72, -0.04) | -0.85 (-1.7, -0.01) | |
Q4 | 1797 | -3.36 (-4.28, -2.43) | -1.66 (-2.63, -0.69) | -1.82 (-2.79, -0.86) | -1.86 (-2.83, -0.89) | |
Heart rate | Non-users | 1515 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Q1 | 1949 | 1.29 (0.47, 2.11) | 0.82 (-0.03, 1.67) | 0.83 (-0.03, 1.68) | 0.8 (-0.06, 1.65) | |
Q2 | 1733 | 0.08 (-0.77, 0.93) | -0.32 (-1.21, 0.56) | -0.39 (-1.28, 0.49) | -0.47 (-1.36, 0.42) | |
Q3 | 1911 | 0.4 (-0.44, 1.24) | 0.03 (-0.87, 0.93) | 0 (-0.9, 0.9) | -0.06 (-0.96, 0.84) | |
Q4 | 1797 | -0.48 (-1.44, 0.49) | -0.87 (-1.89, 0.16) | -0.87 (-1.9, 0.17) | -0.89 (-1.93, 0.15) | |