Association between nutrient patterns and hyperuricemia: mediation analysis involving obesity indicators in the NHANES

Table 4 Mediating effects of obesity on the association between nutrient patterns and odds ratios of hyperuricemia

Nutrient patterns	Direct effects	Indirect effects	Proportion of indirect effect
Nutrient patterns	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)	Proportion of indirect effect
PCA^a
Lower energy intake
BMI	1.14 (1.00, 1.28)	0.94 (0.92, 0.95)	NA^c
WC	1.13 (0.99, 1.28)	0.94 (0.92, 0.95)	NA^c
LAP	1.06 (0.94, 1.21)	0.98 (0.97, 1.00)	NA^c
VAI	1.05 (0.93, 1.08)	1.00 (0.99, 1.01)	0.12%
Low vitamin A, C, K pattern
BMI	1.03 (0.96, 1.11)	1.03 (1.02, 1.04)	53.34%
WC	1.03 (0.96, 1.10)	1.04 (1.02, 1.05)	59.69%
LAP	1.05 (0.99, 1.12)	1.01 (1.00, 1.01)	18.54%
VAI	1.06 (0.99, 1.13)	1.00 (0.99, 1.01)	7.81%
Vitamin B group
BMI	0.90 (0.84, 0.96)	0.95 (0.94, 0.97)	28.31%
WC	0.90 (0.83, 0.96)	0.95 (0.94, 0.97)	28.95%
LAP	0.87 (0.81, 0.93)	0.98 (0.97, 0.99)	8.49%
VAI	0.86 (0.81, 0.92)	0.99 (0.99, 1.00)	2.48%
RRR^b
High fat and low vitamin diet
BMI	0.99 (0.94, 1.05)	1.08 (1.06, 1.09)	NA^c
WC	0.98 (0.93, 1.04)	1.09 (1.07, 1.10)	NA^c
LAP	1.07 (0.99, 1.11)	1.01 (1.01, 1.03)	27.77%
VAI	1.07 (1.01, 1.13)	1.01 (1.00, 1.01)	6.49%

Mediation analysis was adjusted for smoking, drinking, vigorous physical activity, pox ratio, creatinine level, energy intake, history of diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, liver disease and dyslipidaemia
^aPCA is the method of principal component analysis and included the “Lower energyintake”, “Low vitamin A, C, K pattern” and “Vitamin B group” nutrient patterns
^bRRR stands for reduced rank regression and included the “High fat and low vitamin diet” pattern, which was related to obesity
^cNA means the proportion of indirect effects could not be explained because the direction of the indirect and direct effects were opposite

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