Table 4 Risk of upper limb fractures associated with lifestyle related factors
Characteristic | Disease status | OR | 95% CI | Significance | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cases (N = 450) | Controls (N = 450) | ||||||
No | % | No | % | ||||
Sports/Physical exercisea (Mild/Moderate) | |||||||
Yes | 226 | 47.4 | 194 | 57.1 | 1.48 | 1.11–1.96 | χ2 = 7.19 |
No | 229 | 52.6 | 146 | 42.9 | 1.0 | p = 0.007 | |
Sports/Physical exercisea (Heavy) | |||||||
Yes | 44 | 1.0 | 38 | 8.4 | 9.36 | 3.31–26.47 | χ2 = 25.76 |
No | 406 | 99.0 | 412 | 91.6 | 1.0 | p < 0.001 | |
Sports related activitya | |||||||
Yes | 257 | 73.4 | 215 | 91.5 | 3.89 | 2.28–6.65 | χ2 = 27.48 |
No | 193 | 26.6 | 20 | 8.5 | 1.0 | P < 0.001 | |
Leisure activities | |||||||
Yes | 316 | 87.8 | 290 | 95.7 | 3.1 | 1.64–5.88 | χ2 = 13.17 |
No | 44 | 12.2 | 13 | 4.3 | 1.0 | p < 0.001 | |
Tuition/extra classes | |||||||
Yes | 201 | 56.9 | 221 | 67.2 | 1.82 | 1.18–2.78 | χ2 = 7.56 |
No | 152 | 43.1 | 108 | 32.8 | 1.0 | p = 0.007 | |
Watching television | |||||||
Yes | 385 | 87.5 | 328 | 93.2 | 1.95 | 1.18–3.22 | χ 2 = 7.03 |
No | 55 | 12.5 | 24 | 6.8 | 1.0 | p = 0.009 | |
Playing video/ computer games | |||||||
Yes | 93 | 21.4 | 124 | 39.0 | 2.35 | 1.7–3.24 | χ 2 = 27.78 |
No | 342 | 78.6 | 194 | 61.0 | 1.0 | p < 0.001 | |