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Table 3 Weighted proportions and multinomial logistic regression of factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine annual dose intentions

From: Transition to endemic: acceptance of additional COVID-19 vaccine doses among Canadian adults in a national cross-sectional survey

Characteristic

Acceptance

Undecided

Refusal

Acceptance vs. Refusal

Undecided vs. Refusal

 

%

%

%

Unadjusted OR (95% CI)

Adjusted OR (95% CI)

Unadjusted OR (95% CI)

Adjusted OR (95% CI)

Age (in years)

-

-

-

1.04 (1.03, 1.04)

1.03 (1.02, 1.03)

1.01 (1.01, 1.02)

1.01 (1.01, 1.02)

Gender

 Female

63.1

20.1

8.6

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

 Male

66.3

14.9

18.8

0.95 (0.82, 1.08)

1.08 (0.88, 1.33)

0.67 (0.56, 0.79)

0.76 (0.61, 0.94)

 Other

74.5

11.8

13.7

1.52 (0.66, 3.48)

3.04 (0.74, 12.45)

0.73 (0.24, 2.25)

1.36 (0.29, 6.28)

Region of residence

 British Columbia

66.9

17.8

15.3

Ref

-

Ref

-

 Alberta

68.7

16.1

15.2

1.03 (0.77, 1.38)

-

0.91 (0.63, 1.30)

-

 Saskatchewan

64.3

15.9

19.7

0.75 (0.48, 1.17)

-

0.70 (0.39, 1.25)

-

 Manitoba

64.0

16.7

19.2

0.76 (0.52, 1.12)

-

0.74 (0.46, 1.21)

-

 Ontario

64.0

19.0

16.9

0.87 (0.69, 1.08)

-

0.97 (0.73, 1.27)

-

 Quebec

61.8

17.1

21.1

0.67 (0.53, 0.85)

-

0.70 (0.52, 0.93)

-

 Atlantic

68.3

13.3

18.4

0.85 (0.62, 1.17)

-

0.62 (0.41, 0.95)

-

Self-reported race and ethnicity

 White

66.3

16.1

17.7

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

 Visible minority

61.7

22.1

16.2

1.02 (0.86, 1.21)

0.70 (0.53, 0.92)

1.50 (1.22, 1.85)

1.04 (0.78, 1.38)

 Indigenous

62.8

17.2

19.9

0.84 (0.62, 1.14)

1.03 (0.64, 1.66)

0.95 (0.64, 1.40)

1.38 (0.85, 2.26)

Newcomer

 No

65.2

17.3

17.5

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

 Yes

52.6

23.2

24.2

0.58 (0.42, 0.82)

0.62 (0.37, 1.02)

0.98 (0.66, 1.46)

0.68 (0.41, 1.14)

Majority first language (English or French)

 Yes

65.1

16.5

18.4

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

 No

63.4

21.2

15.4

1.17 (0.98, 1.39)

1.46 (1.09, 1.95)

1.54 (1.25, 1.89)

1.65 (1.23, 2.22)

Parent

 Yes

55.8

20.0

24.2

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

 No

68.6

16.5

15.0

1.98 (1.72, 2.28)

1.43 (1.14, 1.78)

1.33 (1.11, 1.58)

1.06 (0.85, 1.33)

Disability

 No

64.1

17.8

18.2

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

 Yes

68.3

16.2

15.5

1.24 (1.03, 1.50)

1.25 (0.92, 1.70)

1.06 (0.84, 1.35)

1.40 (1.02, 1.92)

Chronic illness

 No

61.4

19.5

19.1

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

 Yes

74.0

12.1

13.9

1.66 (1.41, 1.95)

1.51 (1.16, 1.96)

0.86 (0.69, 1.06)

1.01 (0.76, 1.34)

Healthcare worker

 No

64.6

17.6

17.8

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

 Yes

65.8

16.6

17.6

1.02 (0.80, 1.31)

0.84 (0.59, 1.19)

0.95 (0.70, 1.30)

0.82 (0.56, 1.20)

Annual household income

 < 40,000

59.9

17.2

23.0

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

 40,000–79,999

63.8

18.8

17.4

1.41 (1.16, 1.71)

1.23 (0.92, 1.65)

1.45 (1.13, 1.85)

1.28 (0.95, 1.73)

 80,000 + 

68.7

15.7

15.6

1.69 (1.41, 2.02)

1.59 (1.19, 2.11)

1.35 (1.07, 1.70)

1.19 (0.88, 1.60)

Education

       

 High school or less

61.5

17.0

21.5

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

 Non-university certificate or diploma

60.3

19.1

20.6

1.03 (0.85, 1.23)

1.04 (0.77, 1.39)

1.17 (0.93, 1.49)

1.12 (0.83, 1.51)

 University certificate, bachelor’s degree, post-graduate degree

68.8

16.8

14.4

1.67 (1.40, 1.99)

1.57 (1.18, 2.09)

1.48 (1.18, 1.85)

1.33 (0.99, 1.79)

Influenza vaccination intentions

 No

29.1

26.6

44.3

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

 Undecided

49.3

33.1

17.5

4.28 (3.46, 5.30)

5.41 (4.07, 7.20)

3.14 (2.51, 3.93)

3.29 (2.47, 4.38)

 Yes

88.7

8.2

3.0

44.33 (35.31, 55.65)

25.83 (19.77, 33.74)

4.50 (3.49, 5.81)

2.70 (2.01, 3.62)

COVID-19 vaccination status

 None received

4.1

11.0

84.9

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

 Received only 1 dose

32.7

11.5

55.8

12.27 (7.07, 21.28)

10.75 (5.51, 20.97)

1.63 (0.93, 2.86)

1.58 (0.84, 2.98)

 Received 2 doses

71.6

18.3

10.1

148.20 (94.85, 231.53)

66.97 (39.71, 112.96)

14.15 (10.52, 19.03)

11.49 (8.19, 16.13)

COVID-19 disease history

 Yes

46.7

16.4

36.9

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

 No

66.7

17.7

15.6

3.37 (2.78, 4.09)

1.70 (1.25, 2.33)

2.57 (1.99, 3.32)

1.61 (1.17, 2.23)

  1. CI confidence interval, Ref reference category
  2. Note: statistically significant associations (p < 0.05) are bolded