Fig. 2

The effect of pandemic perceived stress on delay discounting. Note: Delay discounting is reversed scored, so lower numbers mean more present focus and higher numbers mean more future orientation. Controlling for covariates and baseline levels of perceived life stress and delay discounting, there was a significant interaction between dyad role, offspring age group, and pandemic perceived life stress (β = -0.03, t(102.45) = -2.58, p = 0.011), suggesting that there was a difference in response to stress between the age groups. Within the groups, a trend suggested that children who reported greater pandemic stress also had greater pandemic delay discounting (β = -0.01, t(118.17) = -1.83, p = 0.071), while parents and adolescents had no change. #p < .10, *p < .05, **p < .01, ***p < .001