Table 1 Analysed variables
From: An impact of economic slowdown on health. New evidence from 21 European countries
Variable | Description | Source | Availability of data |
|---|---|---|---|
Health state | |||
Life Expectancy (LE0, LE65) | The mean number of years a newborn child (LE0)/a person at the age of 65 (LE65) can expect to live if subjected to the current mortality conditions, the probabilities of dying at each age | Global Burden of Disease (GBD) | 1990–2019 |
Healthy life expectancy, or Health-adjusted life expectancy (HALE0, HALE65) | The number of years that a person at a given age (a newborn – LE0 and a person at the age of 65 – LE65) can expect to live in good health if the rates of all-cause mortality and all-cause disability in a specified year of interest would remain constant into the future | Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation | 1995–2019 |
Infant Mortality (IM) | The number of deaths under one year of age | World Bank | 1990–2019 |
Suicide rate (SUICIDE) | Suicide mortality rate is the number of suicide deaths yearly — crude suicide rate (not age-adjusted) | OECD | 1961–2019 |
Health system | |||
Current Health Expenditure (CHE) | Level of current health expenditure include consumed healthcare goods and services | World Bank | 2000–2019 |
Total Health Expenditure (THE) | Health expenditure includes all expenditures for the provision of health services, family planning activities, nutrition activities and emergency aid designated for health, but it excludes the provision of drinking water and sanitation | WHO Health for All | 1995–2019 |
Hospital Beds (BEDS) | Total hospital beds include curative care beds, rehabilitative care beds, long-term care beds, and other beds in hospitals | Eurostat (Health) | 1990–2015 |
Macroeconomics | |||
Gross Domestic Product (GDP) | The measure of the value-added created through the production of goods and services in a country during a specific period. GDP PPP per capita | European Health for All database WHO | 1990–2018 |
Total investment (TOT_INV) | Investment or gross capital formation measured by the total value of the gross fixed capital formation and changes in inventories and acquisitions less disposals of valuables for a unit or sector. Expressed as a ratio of total investment to GDP | International Monetary Fund (IMF) | 1990–2019 |
Unemployment rate (UNEMP) | The number of unemployed people as a percentage of the labour force, where the latter consists of the unemployed plus those in paid or self-employment | World Bank | 1991–2019 |
General Government Balance (GOV_BAL) | Defined as the balance of income and expenditure of government, including capital income and capital expenditures | Euro-stat | 1995–2018 |
SOC_BEN | Social benefits to households covering social benefits other than social transfers in kind; and social transfers in kind | OECD | 1995–2015 |