Health-related quality of life, health literacy and COVID-19-related worries of 16- to 17-year-old adolescents and parents one year into the pandemic: a cross-sectional study

Table 3 Associations between gender, health literacy, COVID-19-related worries and health-related quality of life in adolescents (N = 215) ^{a, b}

	B	95% CI	P-value
Gender (ref = boy)	−3.72	−5.89 – − 1.55	.001
Health literacy ^c	0.53	0.29–0.77	<.001
Worried about infecting others with COVID-19 (ref = a little worried) ^d
Not worried at all	0.53	−4.07 – 5.14	.820
Worried a lot	−0.88	−3.34 – 1.59	.485
Worried about family/friends becoming sick with COVID-19 (ref = a little worried) ^d
Not worried at all	−0.71	−5.10 – 3.68	.751
Worried a lot	−2.23	−4.54 – 0.08	.059

B, unstandardized coefficient, CI Confidence interval
P-values marked with bold print indicate statistically significant differences between the groups (P ≤ 0.05)
^aMultiple linear regression analysis
^bHealth-related quality of life was analyzed with KIDSCREEN-10. Higher values indicate higher levels of health-related quality of life
^cSum score obtained from the Health Literacy in School-Aged Children questionnaire. Higher scores indicate higher levels of health literacy
^dThe variable was recoded into three categories: “Not worried at all,” “A little worried” and “Worried a lot” (quite worried, worried a lot)

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