Countries | Administrative level | Reporting entities overall | Coverage & Obligation | Participatory website/app (general public) | No national government-led system found | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
National | Sub-national | Both clinicians & labs | Clinicians only | Labs only | Comprehensive & mandatory at national level | Comprehensive & voluntary at national level | Voluntary samples | Other | |||
EU COUNTRIES (n = 27) | |||||||||||
Austria [10] | Except that it “requires monitoring” … depending on epidemiological situation” (translated from German)[10]. No further information or statistics found | ||||||||||
Belgium [11] | X | X | Lab sentinels, clinician sentinels & national lab reference centre | X | |||||||
Bulgaria [12] | X | X | X | ||||||||
Croatia [13] | X | X | X | ||||||||
Cyprus | X | ||||||||||
Czech Rep. [14] | X | X | X | ||||||||
Denmark [15] | X | X | Xa | ||||||||
Estonia [16] | X | X | X | ||||||||
Finland [17] | X | X | X | ||||||||
X | X | Clinician sentinels & national lab reference centre | X | ||||||||
X | Varies between states | Mandatory in 9/16 states | |||||||||
Greece | X | ||||||||||
Hungary [22] | X | X | X | ||||||||
Ireland [23] | X | X | X | ||||||||
Italy [24] | X | X | X | ||||||||
Latvia [25] | X | X | X | ||||||||
X | X | X | |||||||||
Luxembourg [28] | X | X | X | ||||||||
Malta | X | ||||||||||
Netherlands [5] | X | X | Survey to all | X | |||||||
Poland [29] | X | X | X | ||||||||
Portugal [30] | X | X | X | ||||||||
Romania [31] | X | X | X | ||||||||
Slovakia [32] | X | X | X | ||||||||
Slovenia [33] | X | X | X | ||||||||
Spain [34] | X | X | Lab sentinels | ||||||||
Sweden | X | ||||||||||
Subtotal EU | 21 | 1 | 12 | 8 | 2 | 17 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 5 |
OTHER EUROPEAN COUNTRIES (n = 5) | |||||||||||
Iceland [35] | X | X | X | ||||||||
Liechtenstein | (only system found) | ||||||||||
Norway [36] | X | X | X | ||||||||
Switzerland [37] | X | X | Clinician sentinels | X | |||||||
X | X | Xb | |||||||||
Subtotal Europe | 24 | 2 | 14 | 9 | 3 | 19 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 5 | 5 |
X | X | X | |||||||||
USA [2] | X | X | X | ||||||||
TOTAL | 24 | 4 | 16 | 9 | 3 | 19 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 5 | 5 |