Table 2 Dietary behavior distribution of study participants among different categories of Beck depression score
From: Association between dietary behaviors and depression in adolescent girls
Variables | Depression | P-value †| |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No depression/ Minimal | Mild | Moderate | Severe | ||
Consumption of main meal (%) | |||||
 1 time | 2.1 | 4.9 | 11.3 | 5.1 | < 0.001 |
 2 times | 25.1 | 31.9 | 32.2 | 35.9 | |
 3 times | 72.8 | 63.2 | 56.5 | 59 | |
Snack consumption (%) | |||||
 None | 4.4 | 8.3 | 7.3 | 11.1 | 0.213 |
 1–2 | 56.7 | 60.4 | 58.2 | 58.3 | |
 3–5 | 33.3 | 25 | 31.8 | 22.2 | |
 > 5 | 5.6 | 6.2 | 2.7 | 8.3 | |
Regular meal consumption (%) | |||||
 never | 7.4 | 18.8 | 11.6 | 20 | < 0.001 |
 Sometimes | 38.1 | 36.1 | 53.6 | 42.5 | |
 Most | 31.5 | 31.9 | 22.3 | 25 | |
 Always | 22.9 | 13.2 | 12.5 | 12.5 | |
Rate of food chewing (%) | |||||
 Low | 10.1 | 16.6 | 15.7 | 22.5 | 0.091 |
 Average | 78.9 | 73.8 | 76.5 | 70 | |
 High | 10.9 | 9.7 | 7.8 | 7.5 | |
Breakfast consumption (%) | |||||
 Never or 1 day | 13.4 | 18.8 | 20.4 | 23.1 | 0.007 |
 2–4 days | 24.9 | 27.1 | 34.5 | 33.3 | |
 5–6 days | 15.1 | 19.4 | 15 | 17.9 | |
 Every day | 46.6 | 34.7 | 30.1 | 25.6 | |
Intra-meal fluid intake (%) | |||||
 Never | 6.3 | 3.5 | 6.2 | 5.1 | 0.003 |
 Sometimes | 35 | 30.6 | 36.3 | 30.8 | |
 Most | 31.2 | 31.9 | 18.6 | 10.3 | |
 Always | 27.5 | 34 | 38.9 | 53.8 | |
Consumption of fried foods (%) | |||||
 Never | 3.1 | 2.1 | 2.7 | 5 | 0.795 |
 1–3 times | 66.8 | 62.9 | 62.8 | 60 | |
 4–6 times | 25.7 | 30.1 | 28.3 | 25 | |
 Every day | 4.4 | 4.9 | 6.2 | 10 | |
Consumption of spicy foods (%) | |||||
 Never | 2.7 | 2.8 | 1.8 | 2.6 | 0.075 |
 1–3 | 28.4 | 30.6 | 18.6 | 28 | |
 4–6 | 40.4 | 32.6 | 38.9 | 38.3 | |
 ≥7 | 28.4 | 34 | 40.7 | 31.1 | |
Ability of chewing (%) | |||||
 Yes | 96.6 | 96.5 | 93 | 94.9 | 0.073 |
 Only soft foods | 3.1 | 3.5 | 4.3 | 5.1 | |
 No | 0.3 | 0.0 | 2.6 | 0.0 | |
Tooth loss (%) | |||||
 ≤2 | 61.9 | 16.9 | 18 | 3.2 | 0.044 |
 > 2 | 69.1 | 15.3 | 11 | 4.6 | |