Table 4 Summary table model for male and female

# of observations

33,334

27,197

# of panel respondents

8,003

6,816

# cohort group

70

72

Fixed effect

 Mean BMI (intercept) at age 20

19.95***

[19.49–20.41]

19.40 ***

[18.94–19.85]

 Rate of change by one unit of age

0.21***

[0.19–0.23]

0.17 ***

[0.15–0.18]

 Changing in rate by one unit of age indicating aging effect

-0.003***

[-0.003-(-0.003)]

-0.002 ***

[-0.003-(-0.002)]

 Cohort (centering in cohort 1973)

0.07***

[0.05–0.10]

0.06 ***

[0.04–0.08]

Period of survey –ref 1993

 1997

0.34***

[0.26–0.43]

0.03

[-0.04–0.11]

 2000

0.38***

[0.26–0.50]

0.02

[-0.09–0.13]

 2007

0.98***

[0.77–1.19]

0.51 ***

[0.32–0.71]

 2014

1.49***

[1.19–1.78]

0.82 ***

[0.54–1.10]

Education (ref. None education)

 Primary

0.70***

[0.25–1.15]

0.30

[-0.18–0.78]

 Secondary

0.21

[-0.27–0.70]

0.83***

[0.35–1.31]

 Tertiary

-0.61

[-1.42–0.19]

1.91***

[1.28–2.53]

Education#cohort

 Primary

-0.01

[-0.03–0.01]

-0.005

[-0.02–0.01]

 Secondary

-0.06***

[-0.08-(-0.03)]

-0.04***

[-0.06-(-0.02)]

 Tertiary

-0.12***

[-0.18-(-0.06)]

-0.05***

[-0.08-(-0.02)]

Education#Age

 Primary

0.01

[-0.005–0.017]

 Secondary

0.04***

[0.02–0.05]

 Tertiary

0.06***

[0.04–0.09]

Random effect

 Level I—within person variance

3.27

[3.21–3.35]

2.07

[2.02–2.12]

 Level II—between person

  variance initial BMI (intercept)

10.99

[10.29–11.74]

6.59

[6.10–7.13]

  variance rate of change (slope)

0.01

[0.01–0.01]

0.01

[0.01–0.01]

  Cov (intercept & slope)

-0.12

[-0.14–0.10]

-0.07

[-0.09-(-0.06)]

 Level III-between cohorts

0.16

[0.08–0.34]

4.09E-12

[6.6e-17–2.5e-07]

Goodness of fit

 Log likelihood

-80,852

-59,833.76

 AIC

161,748

119,705.5

 BIC

161,933.1

119,861.5