Table 2 Community attendees’ knowledge pre- and post-conference (N = 300)a
Mean (SD) | ||||
Measure | KR-20 | Pre | Post | p-value b |
Percent of Knowledge Questions Answered Correctly | 0.538 | 71.00 (13.32) | 83.75 (9.91) | < 0.001* |
Question | Frequency of Correct Response, n (%)c | |||
Pre | Post | p-value d | ||
Fentanyl is the number one drug leading to opioid overdose deaths nationwide | ||||
Correct response: True | 248 (84.9) | 276 (92.3) | 0.002* | |
Multiple doses of naloxone may not be effective in reversing overdose from the following opioid | ||||
Correct response: Carfentanil | 116 (42.8) | 234 (78.3) | < 0.001* | |
Which of the following mental and social factors are shown to influence risk for opioid misuse, especially in adolescents? | ||||
Correct response: All of the following Level of self-esteem; Resiliency (coping and problem-solving skills); Stress of feelings of inadequacy; Behavioral disorders; and Bullying | 284 (96.9) | 294 (98.0) | 0.180 | |
Over time, opioid use disorder affects individuals’ ability to | ||||
Correct response: All of the following Regulate behavior; Make decisions; and Respond to stressful situations | 291 (99.3) | 297 (99.3) | 1.000 | |
Which of the following are indicators of an opioid overdose?e | ||||
Correct response: All of the following | 8 (2.8) | 46 (15.4) | < 0.001* | |
Slow or shallow breathing | 246 (82.0) | 294 (98.0) | ||
Lips, hands or feet turning blue | 193 (64.3) | 277 (92.3) | ||
Loss of consciousness | 254 (84.7) | 282 (94.0) | ||
Unresponsive | 262 (87.3) | 288 (96.0) | ||
Deep snoring | 88 (29.3) | 204 (68.0) | ||
Very small pupils | 126 (42.0) | 188 (62.7) | ||
Incorrect responses: | 277 (97.2) | 253 (84.6) | ||
Having blood-shot eyes | 60 (20.0) | 69 (23.0) | ||
Seizing | 170 (56.7) | 141 (47.0) | ||
Agitated behavior | 103 (34.3) | 107 (35.7) | ||
Rapid heartbeat | 115 (38.3) | 98 (32.7) | ||
Which of the following should be done when managing a heroin / opioid overdose? e | ||||
Correct response: All of the following | 124 (42.0) | 222 (74.0) | < 0.001* | |
Call an ambulance (911) | 292 (97.3) | 297 (99.0) | ||
Give naloxone (opioid overdose antidote) | 216 (72.0) | 289 (96.3) | ||
Stay with the person until help arrives | 257 (85.7) | 292 (97.3) | ||
Check for responsiveness | 212 (70.7) | 253 (84.3) | ||
Give chest compressions and/or rescue breathing | 201 (67.0) | 267 (89.0) | ||
Incorrect responses: | 171 (58.0) | 78 (26.0) | ||
Inject the person with salt solution or milk | 2 (0.70) | 2 (0.70) | ||
Give stimulants (e.g. cocaine or black coffee) | 7 (2.3) | 2 (0.70) | ||
Put the person in a bath of cold water | 10 (3.3) | 7 (2.3) | ||
Put the person in bed to sleep it off | 3 (1.0) | 1 (0.30) | ||
What is naloxone used for? | ||||
Correct response: To reverse the effects of an opioid overdose (e.g. heroin, methadone) | 249 (86.8) | 283 (95.0) | 0.001* | |
How long does naloxone take to have an effect? | ||||
Correct response: Within 5 min | 253 (89.1) | 280 (93.6) | 0.049* | |
How long do the effects of naloxone last for? | ||||
Correct response: 30–90 min | 155 (58.5) | 211 (71.5) | < 0.001* | |
Which of the following is NOT used in medication assisted treatment (MAT) to treat opioid use disorder? | ||||
Correct response: Hydromorphone | 170 (65.4) | 229 (77.6) | < 0.001* | |
Methadone is the treatment of choice for pregnant women with opioid use disorder | ||||
Correct response: True | 167 (63.0) | 251 (84.8) | < 0.001* | |
Which of the following is a 12-step program developed to help individuals with substance use disorder? | ||||
Correct response: Narcotics Anonymous | 257 (90.5) | 270 (90.6) | 0.855 | |
Some individuals may use more opioids in an attempt to relieve depression that occurs with their chronic pain | ||||
Correct response: True | 275 (96.5) | 297 (99.3) | 0.021* | |