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Table 4 Association between ACEs and county- and individual-level factors, Odds Ratios (and 95% Confidence Intervals)

From: Area-level deprivation and adverse childhood experiences among high school students in Maryland

 

Food Insecurity

Parental Substance Use/ Gambling

Parental Mental Illness

Family Member in Jail/Prison

Caregiver Verbal Abuse

Any ACES

(1 + vs 0)

 

OR

LL

UL

OR

LL

UL

OR

LL

UL

OR

LL

UL

OR

LL

UL

OR

LL

UL

LEVEL 2

  Area-Deprivation Index (ADI) Score

1.10

1.07

1.13

1.05

1.02

1.07

1.02

1.00

1.04

1.14

1.09

1.19

1.03

1.00

1.05

1.08

1.05

1.10

Rural County

  No (Ref.)

  Yes

1.16

0.97

1.38

1.24

1.05

1.47

1.08

0.99

1.19

1.35

1.04

1.76

1.25

1.08

1.46

1.08

0.94

1.23

LEVEL 1

Race/Ethnicity

  White (Ref)

  Black

2.83

2.36

3.39

0.94

0.86

1.02

0.61

0.54

0.68

2.29

2.04

2.58

1.16

1.06

1.26

1.39

1.28

1.50

  All Other

1.55

1.36

1.76

0.94

0.83

1.06

0.79

0.69

0.91

1.35

1.09

1.68

1.24

1.16

1.34

1.00

0.86

1.16

  Latinx

2.75

2.21

3.42

1.40

1.25

1.58

1.01

0.87

1.17

2.03

1.80

2.29

1.43

1.33

1.55

1.57

1.44

1.70

Age

   ≤ 14 (Ref)

   15

1.16

1.04

1.30

0.97

0.82

1.15

1.07

0.97

1.18

1.12

1.02

1.23

1.01

0.94

1.08

1.11

0.98

1.25

  16

1.24

1.05

1.48

1.15

1.02

1.29

1.33

1.23

1.44

1.13

1.01

1.26

1.01

0.88

1.16

1.24

1.16

1.32

   ≥ 17

1.43

1.27

1.62

1.20

1.09

1.31

1.32

1.20

1.47

0.99

0.89

1.10

0.89

0.72

1.11

1.23

1.18

1.29

Sex

  Boys (Ref.)

  Girls

0.95

0.87

1.04

1.06

0.97

1.16

1.44

1.30

1.59

0.89

0.80

0.99

1.21

1.06

1.37

1.25

1.17

1.34

SGM

  No (ref.)

  Yes

1.76

1.59

1.95

1.65

1.44

1.90

2.20

1.93

2.51

1.50

1.29

1.74

2.09

1.81

2.41

2.31

2.16

2.47

  1. ADI. OR Adjusted odds ratio, UL Upper limit, and LL Lower limit
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