Table 3 Prevalence of coexisting forms of malnutrition worldwide (N = 20)

 Global Nutrition Report (2018)

Global

5%^AS

2.9%^AF

0.2%^E

0.8% ^USA

2.5% ^E + AF

–

 Global Nutrition Report (2019)

Global

3.6%

–

–

–

1.9%

–

 Global Nutrition Report (2021)

Global

Figure-5

Figure-5

 Zhang, et al., (2016)

China

–

–

–

–

5%

–

 Mgongo, et al., (2017)

Tanzania

12%

33%

21%

12%

–

–

 Zhang, et al., (2018)

China

–

–

–

–

18%

–

 Islam & Biswas, (2019)

Bangladesh

–

18%

5.5%

5.7%

–

–

 Varghese & Stein (2019)

India

–

3.3%

(IQR: 2.1 to 5.4) ^α

0.7%

(IQR: 0.4 to 1.2) ^α

A + OW =0.8% (IQR: 0.5 to 1.3) ^α

A+ UW = 11.3% (IQR: 8.5 to 13.8) ^α

A + S = 15.9% (IQR: 12.9 to 20.2) ^α

 Yasmin, et al., (2019)

Indonesia

–

–

–

–

7.5%

–

Thailand

 Zhang, et al., (2021)

China

0.2%

1.7%

2.3%

–

0.4%

–

Pakistan

–

 Kinyoki, et al., (2016)

Somalia

9%

29%

20%

 Saaka & Galaa (2016)

Ghana

1.4%

 Fongar et al., (2019)

Kenya

–

–

–

–

1%

19%**

 Garanne, et al., (2019)

Senegal

6.%

–

–

–

–

–

 Farah, et al., (2021)

Ethiopia

–

–

–

–

2% (95% CI: 1.6 to 2.5)

–

Ethiopia

–

 Florencio, et al., (2001)

Brazil

–

8.7%

2.7%*

–

–

0%

30%*

–

 Fernald & Neufeld (2007)

Mexico

–

–

–

–

5 to 10%

–