Fig. 3

Multivariable Cox Regression of all-cause mortality in relation to the interactions between body mass index and metabolic health status, not adjusted for weight history versus adjusted for weight history. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of all-cause mortality in relation to interactions between body mass index categories (BMI) and metabolic health status adjusted for weight history. We present Cox regression models adjusted for education, smoking, sex, and CVD, without and with weight history. Reference group is MHN – metabolically healthy normal weight. Bold numbers denote significance at the α = 0.05 level. Abbreviations: CVD—history of cardiovascular disease, MUN – metabolically unhealthy normal weight, MHOw – metabolically healthy overweight, MUOw – metabolically unhealthy overweight, MHO – metabolically healthy obesity and MUO – metabolically unhealthy obesity. Normal weight is defined as having BMI 18.5 – 24.9 kg/m2; overweight 25 – 29.9 kg/m2; obesity ≥ 30 kg/m2. MU is defined as having ≥ 2 abnormal metabolic abnormalities