Table 2 Control variables
USA | Japan | HK | |
|---|---|---|---|
partic_civic (I am involved in local organizations, clubs, and volunteer activities) | |||
1. never | 33% | 56% | 32% |
2. seldom | 28% | 24% | 32% |
3. sometimes | 27% | 16% | 31% |
4 frequently | 12% | 4% | 5% |
vote (Did you vote in the last election?) | |||
Yes | 65% | 62% | 64% |
No | 26% | 30% | 30% |
prefer not to say | 9% | 9% | 7% |
govt_empl (I am a current or former government employee)c | |||
0 (no) | 77% | 87% | 82% |
1 (yes) | 23% | 13% | 18% |
income (What is your personal income before tax?)b | |||
1.b | 15% | 41% | 11% |
2. (US$15; JPY2000; HK$10) | 11% | 15% | 4% |
3. (US$25; JPY3000; HK$12) | 10% | 13% | 8% |
4. (US$35; JPY4000; HK$15) | 12% | 10% | 14% |
5. (US$50; JPY5000; HK$20) | 16% | 6% | 17% |
6. (US$75; JPY6000; HK$25) | 13% | 4% | 12% |
7. (US$100; JPY7000; HK$30 | 12% | 3% | 17% |
8. (US$150; JPY8000; HK$40) | 5% | 2% | 12% |
9. ($US200; JPY9000; HK$60) | 6% | 6% | 6% |
educ (What is your highest education qualification?) | |||
1. High school incomplete or below | 4% | 2% | 3% |
2. High school completed | 30% | 30% | 24% |
3. Polytechnic or college certificate or diploma | 13% | 20% | 12% |
4. University or college undergraduate degree | 32% | 43% | 49% |
5. University postgraduate degree or above | 20% | 5% | 11% |
age (how old are you?) | |||
1. 18–24 | 13% | 9% | 13% |
2. 25–34 | 17% | 23% | 24% |
3. 35–44 | 18% | 23% | 27% |
4. 45–54 | 18% | 22% | 22% |
5. 55–64 | 16% | 17% | 12% |
6. 65 + | 18% | 5% | 2% |
region (Do you live in a) | |||
City | 51% | 30% | 81% |
Town | 31% | 28% | 13% |
Rural | 18% | 42% | 6% |
gender (Identify your gender) | |||
Male | 47% | 48% | 47% |
Female | 49% | 51% | 53% |
prefer not to say1 | 4% | 1% | 0.3% |
conservative (on a scale of 1 (more left or liberal) to 5 (more right or conservative), how would you describe your political beliefs?) | |||
1 Left Liberal | 11% | 3% | 11% |
2 | 17% | 11% | 19% |
3 | 36% | 62% | 51% |
4 | 16% | 18% | 16% |
5 Right Conservative | 20% | 6% | 4% |
trust_info (How much trust do you have that information you provide to the government via website or email will be secure?) | |||
1. no trust | 18% | 29% | 18% |
2. some trust | 38% | 54% | 40% |
3. quite a bit of trust | 30% | 13% | 34% |
4. complete trust | 15% | 4% | 8% |