From: Prevalence and determinants of nutritional status among women and children in Pakistan
Characteristics | Under weight % [95% CI] | Normal % [95% CI] | Over weight % [95% CI] | Obese % [95% CI] | Total No. of Women |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age of mothers | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
  15–19 | 14.0 [9.5–18.5] | 59.9 [53.5–66.3] | 21.8 [16.4–27.2] | 4.3 [1.7–7.0] | 193 |
  20–24 | 13.2 [10.7–15.7] | 54.4 [50.3–57.7] | 22.5 [19.4–25.5] | 10.3 [8.1–12.6] | 725 |
  25–29 | 7.9 [6.2–9.6] | 40.5 [37.5–43.8] | 33.4 [30.4–36.5] | 18.0 [15.5–20.5] | 918 |
  30–34 | 7.3 [5.5–9.1] | 40.8 [37.4–44.1] | 28.6 [25.7–31.9] | 23.1 [20.2–26.0] | 856 |
  35–39 | 6.1 [4.4–7.8] | 34.1 [31.4–38.2] | 30.6 [27.6–34.2] | 28.3 [25.1–31.5] | 736 |
  40–44 | 3.9 [2.2–5.7] | 33.3 [29.4–37.9] | 36.0 [31.7–40.3] | 26.4 [22.5–30.4] | 462 |
  45–49 | 5.5 [3.3–7.6] | 29.0 [24.7–33.3] | 35.3 [30.8–39.8] | 30.1 [25.9–34.5] | 454 |
Place of residence | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
  Urban | 5.5[4.5–6.4] | 33.3[31.3–35.3] | 36.9[34.9–38.9] | 24.3[22.5–26.1] | 1654 |
  Rural | 9.5[8.3–10.7] | 45.4[43.3–47.5] | 26.1[24.2–27.9] | 19.0[17.4–20.7] | 2690 |
Educational attainment mother | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
  No education | 11.1 [9.8–12.4] | 46.4 [44.4–48.5] | 26.8 [25.0–28.6] | 15.7 [14.2–17.1] | 2125 |
  Primary | 6.3 [4.4–8.3] | 40.1 [36.1–44.1] | 28.5 [24.8–32.1] | 25.1 [21.6–28.6] | 674 |
  Secondary | 4.7 [3.2–6.2] | 34.0 [30.7–37.3] | 33.6 [30.3–36.9] | 27.7 [24.6–30.8] | 930 |
  Higher | 3.7 [2.2–5.2] | 32.3 [28.6–36.0] | 38.8 [34.9–42.7] | 25.1 [21.7–28.6] | 615 |
Source of drinking water | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
  Piped water | 6.5 [5.2–7.7] | 37.6 [35.1–40.1] | 33.3 [30.9–35.8] | 22.6 [20.5–24.8] | 1250 |
  Tube well/borewell | 8.6 [7.4–9.9] | 42.4 [40.2–44.6] | 29.6 [27.6–31.6] | 19.4 [17.6–21.2] | 2336 |
  Protected well | 8.7 [4.7–12.6] | 41.8 [34.9–48.8] | 31.8 [25.3–38.4] | 17.7 [12.3–23.1] | 84 |
  Unprotected well | 25.7 [17.1–34.3] | 35.5 [26.1–44.9] | 25.5 [16.9–34.1] | 13.3 [6.6–20.0] | 52 |
  River/dam/springs | 10.1 [6.1–14.1] | 57.7 [51.2–64.2] | 23.6 [18.0–29.2] | 8.7 [4.9–12.4] | 173 |
  Others | 5.5 [3.4–7.6] | 35.5 [31.1–39.9] | 27.5 [23.4–31.6] | 31.5 [27.2–35.7] | 449 |
Type of fuel used for cooking | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
  Clean | 4.4 3.6–5.3] | 31.9 29.9–33.9] | 36.0 34.0–38.1] | 27.6 25.7–29.5] | 2128 |
  Wood | 11.5 10.0–12.9] | 47.8 45.5–50.1] | 26.3 24.3–28.4] | 14.4 12.8–16.0] | 1697 |
  Crop residual | 13.5 6.1–20.9] | 59.0 48.3–69.6] | 18.7 10.3–27.2] | 8.8 2.7–14.9] | 139 |
  Animal dung | 15.8 8.9–22.7] | 63.8 54.7–72.9] | 10.3 4.5–16.1] | 10.1 4.4–15.8] | 126 |
  Others | 7.1 3.7–10.6] | 47.1 40.4–53.9] | 23.5 17.8–29.3] | 22.2 16.6–27.9] | 254 |
Current marital status of mother | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
  Currently married | 8.0 [7.2–8.8] | 40.6 [39.1–42.1] | 30.4 [29.0–31.8] | 21.0 [19.7–22.2] | 4188 |
  Others | 7.1 [2.9–11.2] | 45.3 [37.2–53.3] | 25.0 [17.9–32.0] | 22.7 [15.9–29.5] | 156 |
Sex of household H | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
  Male | 8.2 [7.3–9.0] | 39.9 [38.4–41.4] | 30.5 [29.1–32.0] | 21.4 [20.1–22.7] | 3821 |
  Female | 6.4 [4.1–8.7] | 47.4 [42.7–52.1] | 28.0 [23.7–32.2] | 18.2 [14.5–21.8] | 523 |
Type of toilet facilities | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
  Flush toilet | 5.9[5.1–6.7] | 37.1[35.5–38.7] | 33.3[31.8–34.9] | 23.7[22.3–25.1] | 3498 |
  Pit latrine | 15.5[10.9–20.0] | 56.3[50.1–62.5] | 17.0[12.3–21.7] | 11.2[7.3–15.2] | 200 |
  Open | 20.7[17.0–24.4] | 58.4[53.9–62.9] | 16.6[13.2–20.0] | 4.2[2.4–6.1] | 468 |
  Other | 6.8[3.0–10.7] | 49.8[42.3–57.4] | 19.1[13.2–25.0] | 24.2[17.8–30.7] | 179 |
Wealth quintile | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
  Poorest | 19.5 [16.7–22.2] | 57.4 [54.0–60.8] | 16.2 [13.7–18.7] | 6.9 [5.2–8.7] | 740 |
  Poorer | 8.6 [6.8–10.5] | 50.4 [47.1–53.6] | 25.8 [23.0–28.7] | 15.2 [12.8–17.5] | 866 |
  Middle | 6.5 [4.8–8.3] | 37.4 [34.0–40.8] | 33.0 [29.7–36.3] | 23.1 [20.1–26.0] | 856 |
  Richer | 4.8 [3.4–6.3] | 36.4 [33.1–39.6] | 32.8 [29.7–36.0] | 26.0 [23.0–28.9] | 898 |
  Richest | 2.8 [1.8–3.8] | 26.8 [24.1–29.6] | 39.8 [36.7–42.9] | 30.5 [27.7–33.4] | 984 |
  Total | 8.0 [7.2–8.8] | 40.8 [39.3–42.3] | 30.2 [28.8–31.6] | 21.0 [19.8–22.2] | 4344 |