Table 5 Longitudinal multilevel analysis testing the impact of development status on the incidence and mortality from liver cancer, 1990-2019

Incidence

Intercept

5.67

0.78

0.007^*

Time

0.02

0.004

0.025^*

Development status

More Developed

-1.36

0.22

0.012^*

Less-Developed

Reference

-

-

Development status × time

0.02

0.01

0.157^**

Random effects

\(\sigma_{u_{0i}}^2\) (between countries)

63.28

6.84

0.002^*

\(\sigma_{\upsilon0}^2\) (between regions)

3.96

3.44

0.283^**

\(\sigma_{\omega0}^2\) (between super-regions)

0.10

0.08

0.262^**

ICC (%)

Country level

88.2

-

-

-

Region level

5.5

-

-

-

Super-region level

0.13

-

-

-

Mortality

Intercept

5.80

0.81

0.007^*

Time

0.02

0.005

0.043^*

Development status

More Developed

-1.07

0.25

0.038^*

Less-Developed

Reference

Development status × time

0.03

0.01

0.083^**

Random effects

\(\sigma_{u_{0i}}^2\) (between countries)

69.93

7.57

0.002^*

\(\sigma_{\upsilon0}^2\) (between regions)

4.01

3.66

0.296^**

\(\sigma_{\omega0}^2\) (between super-regions)

0.11

0.10

0.294^**

ICC (%)

Country level

88.07

-

-

-

Region level

5.06

-

-

-

Super-region level

0.14

-

-

-