Table 2 Baseline characteristics of male and female study cohortsa
Males | Females | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Characteristic | United States | Canada | United States | Canada |
Total N | 25,342 | 134,524 | 32,890 | 161,883 |
Age | ||||
20 to 34 | 27.8 | 22.8 | 27.0 | 22.9 |
35 to 49 | 31.6 | 27.8 | 29.7 | 24.3 |
50 to 64 | 23.0 | 27.1 | 21.7 | 26.6 |
65 to 79 | 14.2 | 18.5 | 16.0 | 20.0 |
80+ | 3.4 | 3.8 | 5.6 | 6.1 |
Smoking Status | ||||
Heavy smoker | 11.5 | 10.7 | 6.8 | 5.7 |
Light smoker | 13.8 | 16.1 | 12.8 | 16.9 |
Former smoker | 26.8 | 37.1 | 18.9 | 28.4 |
Never smoker | 47.0 | 35.8 | 60.8 | 48.8 |
Missing | 0.9 | 0.3 | 1.0 | 0.3 |
Alcohol Consumption | ||||
Heavy drinker | 10.8 | 12.2 | 2.7 | 3.3 |
Moderate drinker | 18.5 | 19.9 | 10.4 | 14.8 |
Light or non-drinker | 68.3 | 40.7 | 85.0 | 52.7 |
Missing | 2.4 | 27.2 | 1.9 | 29.2 |
Physical Activityb | ||||
Median (IQR) | 0.6 (0.0, 2.9) | 1.5 (0.5, 3.0) | 0.3 (0.0, 1.7) | 1.3 (0.5, 2.6) |
0 | 41.3 | 9.7 | 45.9 | 11.7 |
> 0 to < 1.5 | 18.9 | 37.9 | 23.6 | 41.3 |
1.5 to < 3 | 14.1 | 24.3 | 13.8 | 25.1 |
> 3 | 24.5 | 25.5 | 15.8 | 20.7 |
Missing | 1.3 | 2.6 | 0.9 | 1.2 |
Diet (median (IQR)) | ||||
Fruits and vegetables | 1.6 (1.0, 2.3) | 2.6 (1.7, 4.0) | 2.0 (1.2, 2.7) | 3.6 (2.4, 5.3) |
Missing (%) | 17.9 | 20.9 | 19.3 | 19.3 |
Juice | 0.5 (0.1, 1.0) | 1.0 (0.1, 1.0) | 0.5 (0.1, 1.0) | 0.7 (0.1, 1.0) |
Missing (%) | 13.9 | 18.9 | 15.0 | 17.7 |
Potato | 0.2 (0.1, 0.4) | 0.4 (0.1, 0.6) | 0.2 (0.1, 0.3) | 0.3 (0.1, 0.6) |
Missing (%) | 5.7 | 19.0 | 5.2 | 17.8 |
Education | ||||
< High school graduation | 22.2 | 22.1 | 19.9 | 22.2 |
High school graduate | 24.1 | 22.6 | 29.1 | 24.1 |
Post-secondary graduate | 52.8 | 54.1 | 50.4 | 52.8 |
Missing | 0.9 | 1.1 | 0.6 | 0.9 |
Years Since Immigration | ||||
< 5 years | 2.7 | 1.3 | 2.1 | 1.2 |
5 to < 10 years | 2.8 | 1.4 | 2.6 | 1.3 |
10 to < 15 years | 2.5 | 1.2 | 2.2 | 1.2 |
> 15 years | 9.2 | 10.4 | 9.0 | 10.1 |
Non-immigrant | 82.5 | 85.5 | 83.8 | 86.0 |
Missing | 0.5 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.2 |
Ethnicity | ||||
White | 67.0 | 89.1 | 64.7 | 89.6 |
Black | 12.0 | 0.9 | 15.0 | 0.8 |
South Asian | 0.6 | 1.3 | 0.4 | 1.0 |
Chinese | 0.6 | 1.4 | 0.4 | 1.4 |
Other Asian | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.6 |
Latin American | 16.6 | 0.4 | 16.3 | 0.4 |
Other/Multiple | 1.6 | 4.8 | 1.5 | 4.9 |
Missing | 0.0 | 0.4 | 0.0 | 0.3 |
Heart Disease | ||||
Yes | 11.0 | 8.4 | 10.9 | 6.8 |
No | 88.8 | 91.4 | 88.9 | 93.0 |
Missing | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
Stroke | ||||
Yes | 2.5 | 1.8 | 2.9 | 1.6 |
No | 97.4 | 98.1 | 97.0 | 98.4 |
Missing | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
Cancer | ||||
Yes | 6.5 | 5.6 | 8.2 | 7.2 |
No | 93.5 | 62.4 | 91.7 | 60.8 |
Missing | 0.1 | 31.9 | 0.1 | 31.9 |
Diabetes | ||||
Yes | 7.7 | 7.8 | 7.5 | 6.8 |
No | 91.2 | 92.1 | 91.4 | 93.1 |
Missing | 1.1 | 0.1 | 1.2 | 0.1 |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | ||||
Median (IQR) | 26.6 (24.2, 29.8) | 26.3 (23.9–29.1) | 25.7 (22.3, 30.0) | 24.8 (22.0–28.8) |
> 35 | 6.6 | 4.5 | 9.8 | 5.9 |
< 35 | 91.5 | 93.9 | 85.2 | 88.6 |
Missing | 1.9 | 1.6 | 5.0 | 5.5 |
Survey Cycle | ||||
CCHS 2.1 | – | 32.7 | – | 32.7 |
CCHS 3.1 | – | 33.7 | – | 33.5 |
CCHS 4.1 | – | 33.6 | – | 33.8 |
NHIS 2000 | 50.7 | – | 50.7 | – |
NHIS 2005 | 49.3 | – | 49.3 | – |