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Table 2 Results from the statistical analysis showing the impact of the school holidays and the first national lockdown on the number of referrals to DVA services

From: Impact of the first national COVID-19 lockdown on referral of women experiencing domestic violence and abuse in England and Wales

Scenario

Incidence Rate Ratio [95% CI]

Bootstrap Standard error

p-value

Spring 2017

0.929 [0.691,1.25]

0.141

0.630

Summer 2017

0.865 [0.755,0.994]

0.059

0.036

Winter 2017

0.811 [0.561,0.902]

0.087

0.005

Spring 2018

0.837 [0.690,1.017]

0.083

0.073

Summer 2018

0.871 [0.789,0.962]

0.044

0.007

Winter 2018

0.956 [0.791,1.156]

0.092

0.646

Spring 2019

0.948 [0.827, 1.087]

0.066

0.447

Summer 2019

0.849 [0.771, 0.937]

0.043

0.001

Winter 2019

0.557 [0.457, 0.680]

0.056

p < 0.001

March–June 2020 (1st lockdown)

0.727 [0.661, 0.787]

0.032

p < 0.001

March–June 2019 (analogous period to 1st lockdown)

0.984 [0.905, 1.068]

0.042

0.707

Summer 2020

0.797 [0.707,0.898]

0.048

p < 0.001