Table 1 Managers’ knowledge and behaviors items

“I am sure that I have enough information to help employees prevent and manage pain”

“There are things I do regularly to prevent pain among employees”

“I help clarify what options my employees have to prevent and manage pain”

“When employees have pain, I really understand how they feel”

“I am doing something active when my employees do pay attention to their pain”

“I help my employees to find out what measures they are entitled to if they have pain”

“It is easy to find solutions at work, if my employees have pain”