Table 1 Distribution of sociodemographic characteristics, housing conditions and lifestyles modifications of respondents, overall and by gender
From: The emotional side of post-traumatic stress reaction during COVID-19 pandemic: an Italian survey
| Â | Overall | Males | Females | Â | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | % | n | % | n | % | p-chi2 | ||
Total | ||||||||
 Age group | 16–29 years | 645 | 9.7 | 225 | 11.8 | 420 | 8.8 |  < 0.001 |
|  | 30–49 years | 2664 | 39.9 | 726 | 38.2 | 1938 | 40.6 | |
|  | 50–69 years | 3007 | 45.0 | 815 | 42.8 | 2192 | 45.9 | |
|  | 70 + years | 359 | 5.4 | 136 | 7.2 | 223 | 4.7 | |
 Working condition | Student | 290 | 4.4 | 99 | 5.2 | 191 | 4.0 | 0.066 |
| Â | Worker | 5447 | 82.2 | 1524 | 81.0 | 3923 | 82.7 | |
| Â | Retired | 887 | 13.4 | 259 | 13.8 | 628 | 13.2 | |
 Marital status | Married | 4377 | 66.8 | 1215 | 64.9 | 3162 | 67.6 |  < 0.001 |
| Â | Single | 1382 | 21.1 | 497 | 26.5 | 885 | 18.9 | |
| Â | Separated | 625 | 9.5 | 138 | 7.4 | 487 | 10.4 | |
| Â | Widowed | 168 | 2.6 | 23 | 1.2 | 145 | 3.1 | |
 Educational level | High (high school/university) | 6113 | 93.4 | 1759 | 94.3 | 4354 | 92.9 |  < 0.001 |
| Â | Low (none/elementary school or Junior high school) | 433 | 6.6 | 105 | 5.7 | 328 | 7.1 | |
 Nationality | Italian | 6274 | 96.9 | 1804 | 97.6 | 4470 | 96.6 | 0.045 |
| Â | Foreign | 202 | 3.1 | 45 | 2.4 | 157 | 3.4 | |
 Overcrowded house | No | 6232 | 96.8 | 1781 | 97.0 | 4451 | 96.8 | 0.615 |
| Â | Yes | 204 | 3.2 | 55 | 3.0 | 149 | 3.2 | |
 Household members | 3 or more people | 3815 | 58.2 | 1054 | 56.3 | 2761 | 59.0 | 0.043 |
| Â | 2 people | 1772 | 27.0 | 510 | 27.3 | 1262 | 26.9 | |
| Â | 1 person | 969 | 14.8 | 307 | 16.4 | 662 | 14.1 | |
 External space | No | 1724 | 26.7 | 545 | 29.4 | 1179 | 25.5 | 0.002 |
| Â | Yes | 4746 | 73.3 | 1309 | 70.6 | 3437 | 74.5 | |
 Town of residence size | Less than 10.000 inhab | 1860 | 28.5 | 459 | 24.5 | 1401 | 30.2 |  < 0.001 |
| Â | Between 10.000 and 100.000 inhab | 2414 | 37.0 | 689 | 36.7 | 1725 | 37.1 | |
| Â | Over 100.000 inhab | 2247 | 34.5 | 729 | 38.8 | 1518 | 32.7 | |
 Geographical area of residence | Northern Italy | 6119 | 91.7 | 1672 | 87.9 | 4447 | 93.2 |  < 0.001 |
| Â | Central Italy | 259 | 3.9 | 106 | 5.6 | 153 | 3.2 | |
| Â | Southern Italy and Islands | 297 | 4.4 | 124 | 6.5 | 173 | 3.6 | |
 Healtcare worker | No | 5052 | 77.3 | 1541 | 81.9 | 3511 | 75.4 |  < 0.001 |
| Â | Yes | 1487 | 22.7 | 340 | 18.1 | 1147 | 24.6 | |
 COVID-19 positive | No | 6031 | 93.5 | 1744 | 93.8 | 4287 | 93.3 | 0.483 |
| Â | Yes | 421 | 6.5 | 115 | 6.2 | 306 | 6.7 | |
 Increase in alcohol consumption | No | 4729 | 89.2 | 1208 | 85.4 | 3521 | 90.6 |  < 0.001 |
| Â | Yes | 570 | 10.8 | 206 | 14.6 | 364 | 9.4 | |
 Decrease in physical activity | No | 2768 | 43.7 | 783 | 42.5 | 1985 | 44.1 | 0.257 |
| Â | Yes | 3572 | 56.3 | 1057 | 57.5 | 2515 | 55.9 | |