Table 1 Characteristics of the study sample
| Â | Non-depression | Depression | p value a |
|---|---|---|---|
n = 2540 | n = 139 | ||
Age (years) | |||
  ≤ 65 | 763 (30.0) | 34 (24.5) | 0.030* |
 65–70 | 639 (25.2) | 25 (18.0) | |
 70–75 | 646 (25.4) | 44 (31.7) |  |
  > 75 | 492 (19.4) | 36 (25.8) |  |
Sex | |||
 Men | 1096 (43.1) | 50 (36.0) | 0.115 |
 Women | 1444 (56.9) | 89 (64.0) | |
Smoke | |||
 Current/Previous | 127 (16.2) | 11 (8.0) | 0.014* |
 Never | 2125 (83.8) | 411 (92.0) | |
Drink (2017) | Â | Â | Â |
No | 2135 (84.3) | 123 (89.1) | 0.158 |
Yes | 398 (15.7) | 15 (10.9) | |
Education | |||
 Primary and below | 1628 (64.3) | 92 (68.1) | 0.416 |
 Secondary and above | 903 (35.7) | 43 (31.9) | |
Employment | |||
 Yes | 131 (8.7) | 8 (5.8) | 0.299 |
 No | 2320 (91.3) | 220 (94.2) | |
Chronic diseases b | |||
 0 | 1466 (58.0) | 74 (55.7) |  |
 1 | 860 (34.0) | 45 (33.8) | 0.570 |
 2 | 202 (8.0) | 14 (10.5) |  |
Domestic work (MET-h/d) | 3.9 ± 3.7 | 3.1 ± 3.5 | 0.021* |
Physical exercise (MET-h/d) | 2.2 ± 3.7 | 1.7 ± 3.3 | 0.017* |
Passive SBs (h/d) | |||
  = 0 | 450 (17.7) | 37 (26.6) | < 0.001* |
  > 0–≤ 1 | 654 (25.7) | 23 (16.5) | |
 1–2 | 842 (33.1) | 27 (19.4) | |
 2–3 | 330 (13.0) | 26 (18.7) | |
  > 3 | 264 (10.4) | 26 (18.7) | |
Mentally active SBs (h/d) | |||
  = 0 | 1944 (76.5) | 116 (83.5) | 0.010* |
  > 0–≤1 | 236 (9.3) | 15 (10.8) | |
  > 1 | 360 (14.2) | 8 (5.7) | |
Sleep duration (h/d) | |||
  ≤ 6 | 744 (29.3) | 52 (37.4) | 0.088 |
 6–9 | 1594 (62.8) | 80 (57.6) | |
  ≥ 9 | 200 (7.9) | 7 (5.0) | |
BMI (kg/m2) | |||
  < 24 | 929 (39.9) | 68 (51.9) | 0.008* |
  ≥ 24 | 1400 (60.1) | 63 (48.1) | |