Table 1 Study characteristics and association between anaemia or iron deficiency during postnatal period and maternal postpartum depression
Author & Year | Study Design and Setting | Risk of Bias | Sample Size | Assessment Tool | Effect measure and Significance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sheikh et al. 2015 [20] | RCT double-blind, placebo; Iran | Low | N = 70 (iron supplementation; 35, placebo; 35) | EPDS (cut off: ≥ 11) | p = 0.03 |
Perello et al. 2014 [21] | RCT double-blind; Spain | Low | N = 72 anaemic (ferrous sucrose + oral iron; 36, placebo + oral iron; 36) | EPDS (cut off: ≥ 11) | P > 0.05 |
Beard et al. 2005 [22] | RCT, double-blind; South Africa | Low | N = 95 (30 in IDA-PL, 34 in IDA-Ferrous, & 31 in control) | EPDS (cut off: ≥ 10) | P < 0.005 |
Hamm et al. 2020 [23] | RCT open label; USA | Moderate | N = 66 (single RBCs; 33, multiple RBCs; 33) | EPDS (mean scores) | 4 (1–11) vs 5.5 (2–8) p = .34 |
Holm et al. 2019 [24] | RCT open-label; Denmark | Moderate | N = 85 (Oral iron; 44, and Iron isomaltoside; 41) | EPDS (mean scores) | MD: -2.39 (95% CI: -3.62; -1.16) (p = .0002) |
Paoletti et al. 2013 [25] | RCT open-label; Italy | Moderate | N = 852 (Group A: 424, Group B: 428) | EPDS (cut off: ≥ 12) | P < 0.05 |
Maeda et al. 2019 [26] | Prospective cohort; Japan | Moderate | N = 1128 | EPDS ( cut off; ≥ 9) | AOR: 1.63 (95% CI: 1.17; 2.26) |
Chandrasekaran et al. 2018 [9] | Prospective Observational; Canada | Moderate | N = 145/248 | EPDS ( cut off; ≥ 10) | OR: 0.69 (95% CI: 0.15; 2.49) |
Eckerdal et al. 2016 [27] | Nested Cohort; Sweden | Moderate | N = 446 | EPDS (cut off; ≥ 12) | OR: 2.29 (95% CI:1.15; 4.58) |
Alharbi et al. 2014 [28] | Case–Control; Saudi Arabia | Moderate | N = 352 (Case: 117, Control: 235) | EPDS ( cut off; ≥ 10) | AOR: 1.70 (95% CI: 1.05; 2.74) P = 0.03 |
Goshtasebi et al. 2013 [29] | Prospective Observational; Iran | Moderate | N = 281 | EPDS (cut off ≥ 13) | AOR: 4.64 (95% CI: 1.33; 16.08) |
Armony-Sivan et al. 2012 [30] | Prospective Observational; China | Moderate | N = 248 (confirmatory study) | EPDS ( cut off; ≥ 10) | r = 0.07 |
Albacar et al. 2010 [31] | Prospective Cohort; Spain | Moderate | N = 729 | EPDS ( cut off; ≥ 9) | OR: 3.73 (95% CI: 1.84; 7.56) P = 0.0001 |
Miller et al. 2016 [32] | Prospective Observational; USA | High | N = 63 | EPDS (cut off; ≥ 10) | P > 0.05 |
Corwin et al. 2003 [33] | Prospective Observational; USA | High | N = 37 | CES-D | r = -0.381, P = 0.020 |
Paterson et al. 1994 [34] | Prospective observational; United Kingdom | High | N = 1010 | EPDS scores | P > 0.05 |