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Table 1 Shows that the perinatal mortality among pregnancy by socio-demographic characteristics in high mortality regions, Ethiopia, 2016

From: Individual and community-level factors of perinatal mortality in the high mortality regions of Ethiopia: a multilevel mixed-effect analysis

Variable

Categories

Frequency (%)

weighted Frequency (%)

unweighted number of perinatal deaths (PMR [per 1,000])

weighted number of perinatal deaths (PMR [per 1,000])

Maternal age (years)

Less 20

151(3.7)

99(3)

8(57.14)

4(43.01)

20–24

862(20.9)

606(18.2)

33(40.69)

12(20.90)

25–29

1135(27.5)

957(28.8)

54(49.82)

40(43.80)

30–34

858(20.8)

664(20)

26(31.82)

19(29.60)

 ≥ 35

1114(27.0)

996(30)

61(58.59)

55(58.57)

Residence

Urban

760(18.4)

516(15.5)

19(25.8)

15(30.00)

Rural

3360(81.6)

2806(84.5)

163(51.6)

115(43.23)

Maternal education status

No education

2892(70.2)

2362(71.1)

134(49.24)

105(47.06)

Primary

872(21.2)

700(21.1)

36(43.53)

21(31.00)

Secondary and above

356(8.6)

260(7.8)

12(34.78)

4(16.00)

Sex of house hold

Male

3288(79.8)

2841(85.5)

153(49.27)

107(39.54)

Female

832(20.2)

481(14.5)

29(36.80)

23(50.77)

Paternal education status

No education

2257(54.8)

2027(61.0)

111(52.38)

91(47.42)

Primary

1041(25.3)

767(23.1)

38(38.38)

23(31.50)

Secondary and above

545(13.2)

324(9.7)

23(43.80)

8(25.20)

Mother Currently working

Yes

936(22.7)

738(22.2)

42(47.79)

29(41.25)

No

3184(77.3)

2584(77.8)

140(46.45)

101(41.12)

Family size

 > 4

2954(71.7)

2280(68.6)

108(38.37)

78(35.62)

 ≤ 4

1166(28.3)

1042(31.4)

74(68.64)

52(53.66)

Wealth index

Rich

1013(24.6)

953(28.7)

20(20.47)

21(22.70)

Medium

665(16.1)

665(20.0)

22(34.59)

20(31.84)

Poor

2442(59.3)

1704(51.3)

140(61.40)

89(55.42)

Media exposure

Yes

1441(35.0)

1114(33.5)

24(17.30)

24(22.39)

No

2679(65.0)

2208(66.5)

158(63.05)

106(50.79)

Improved water source

Yes

2253(54.7)

1814(54.6)

88(40.93)

72(41.43)

No

1867(45.3)

1508(45.4)

94(53.93)

58(41.00)

Improved toilet facility

Yes

2281(55.4)

1807(54.4)

103(47.91)

68(39.72)

No

1839(44.6)

1515(45.6)

79(45.32)

62(42.84)

Times to reach water source

 < 30 min

1686(40.9)

1583(47.6)

67(42.00)

59(38.74)

 ≥ 30 min

2434(59.1)

1739(52.4)

115(50.00)

71(43.39)

  1. Variables measured at the time of the survey: residence, education status, wealth index, sex of household, working status, family size, media exposure, water source, and toilet facility
  2. Variables measured at the time of birth: maternal age (years)
  3. PMR perinatal mortality rate