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1. Study participants were diagnosed with a mental health condition, with primary care being the main source of referral.
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2. Mental health was the primary reason for referral.
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3. Studies evaluating ERS, as defined by Pavey et al. [21]
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o Referral by a primary-care health-care professional to a service designed to increase physical activity or exercise
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o Physical activity/exercise programme tailored to individual needs
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o Initial assessment and monitoring throughout the programme
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4. Studies with any relevant comparator were permitted.
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5. Studies had to measure one or more of the following
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o Changes in clinical symptoms of mental health conditions (e.g. depression and anxiety) found or managed in primary care
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o ERS uptake/adherence rates of individuals referred from primary care for mental health reasons
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o Impact of ERS on long-term physical activity levels in participants referred from primary care for mental health reasons.
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