Table 1 Characteristics of covariate matched patients with and without a yoga practice as recorded in the EHR
Encounter level characteristicsa | Patient encounters, No. (%) | |
|---|---|---|
Yoga (n = 1815) | No yoga (n = 40,326) | |
Age, y | ||
18–39 | 700 (38.6) | 19,119 (47.4) |
40–59 | 743 (40.9) | 17,176 (42.6) |
60–79 | 372 (20.5) | 4031 (10.0) |
Median (IQR), y | 46 (32–57) | 41 (30–52) |
Sex | ||
Female | 1593 (87.8) | 37,297 (92.5) |
Male | 222 (12.2) | 3029 (7.5) |
Race | ||
Asian | 41 (2.3) | 564 (1.4) |
Black or African American | 95 (5.2) | 2043 (5.1) |
Otherb | 82 (4.5) | 710 (1.8) |
White | 1597 (88.0) | 37,009 (91.8) |
Ethnicity | ||
Hispanic | 14 (0.8) | 27 (0.1) |
Yoga sessions per week | ||
0 | NA | 40,326 (100) |
1 | 1130 (62.3) | NA |
2 | 351 (19.3) | NA |
3+ | 334 (18.4) | NA |
Median (IQR), sessions | 1 (1–2) | NA |
Body Mass Index (BMI, kg/m2) | ||
Underweight (< 18) | 19 (1.0) | 46 (0.1) |
Normal weight (18–24.9) | 1049 (57.8) | 25,312 (62.8) |
Overweight (24.9–29.9) | 532 (29.3) | 11,415 (28.3) |
Obese (29.9–34.9) | 154 (8.5) | 2392 (5.9) |
Severely obese (> 34.9) | 61 (3.4) | 1161 (2.9) |
Median (IQR), kg/m2 | 24.1 (21.7–26.9) | 23.7 (21.6–26.7) |
Behavioral factors | ||
Smoking status, smoker | 15 (0.8) | 71 (0.2) |
Comorbiditiesc | ||
Coronary Artery Disease | 1 (0.1) | 4 (0.0) |
Diabetes | 13 (0.7) | 28 (0.1) |
Hyperlipidemia | 396 (21.8) | 4706 (11.7) |
Prescribed drugs | ||
Antihypertensives | 75 (4.1) | 369 (0.9) |
Beta blockers | 28 (1.5) | 116 (0.3) |
Calcium channel blockers | 6 (0.3) | 10 (0.0) |
Diuretics | 36 (2.0) | 191 (0.5) |
Insurance status | ||
Medicaid | 10 (0.6) | 236 (0.6) |
Medicare | 192 (10.6) | 2069 (5.1) |
Commercial | 1602 (88.3) | 37,898 (94.0) |
Not recorded | 11 (0.6) | 123 (0.3) |
Blood pressure categoryd | ||
Normal | 947 (52.2) | 20,797 (51.6) |
Elevated | 266 (14.7) | 5275 (13.1) |
Stage I hypertension | 479 (26.4) | 11,349 (28.1) |
Stage II hypertension | 123 (6.8) | 2905 (7.2) |
Blood pressure | ||
Systolic, median (IQR), mmHg | 116 (108–122) | 115 (108–122) |
Diastolic, median (IQR), mmHg | 72 (68–80) | 72 (68–80) |
Records per patient | ||
Range, counts | 1–16 | 1–52 |
Median (IQR), counts | 1 (1–1) | 3 (1–6) |