Table 2 Characteristics of the study sample (n=2,624)

Age (n/%)

<0.001^*

18-40

261

47.7

650

31.3

41-64

233

42.6

1290

62.1

≥65

53

9.7

137

6.6

Housework

<0.001^*

Yes

264

48.3

62

3

No

283

51.7

2015

9.7

Housework intensity (n/%)

<0.001^**

0-50 min/day

364

66.5

137

6.6

50-180min/day

148

27.1

1074

51.7

≥ 180 min/day

35

6.4

866

41.7

Education (n/%)

<0.001^**

Primary school and below

132

24.1

1124

54.1

Secondary school

325

59.4

833

40.1

Tertiary school or above

90

16.5

120

5.8

Employment status (n/%)

<0.001^**

No

223

40.8

1096

52.8

Yes

324

59.2

981

47.2

Residence (n/%)

<0.001^**

Rural

273

49.9

708

34.1

Urban

274

50.1

1369

65.9

Medical insurance (n/%)

<0.001^**

No

288

52.7

1545

74.4

Yes

259

47.3

532

25.6

Marital status (n/%)

<0.001^**

Single/Separated/divorced

90

16.5

174

8.4

Married/living with partner

457

83.5

1903

91.6

Smoking (n/%)

<0.001^**

non-smoking

220

40.2

2018

97.2

current smoking

327

59.8

59

2.8

Drinking (n/%)

<0.001^**

non-drinking

227

41.5

1915

92.2

current drinking

320

58.5

162

7.8

Housework time (mean/SD)

2009 (min/day)

44.0

65.9

165.7

88.4

<0.001^**

2011 (min/day)

48.0

70.3

167.6

86.1

<0.001^**

2015 (min/day)

61.8

67.9

176.6

114.7

<0.001^**

Metabolic markers (median/IQR)

Triglycerides (mg/dL)

123.1

121.4

112.5

91.2

<0.001^**

Cholesterol (mg/dL)

183.3

46.0

186.8

50.0

0.024^*

HDL (mg/dL)

48.7

17.8

54.9

17.0

<0.001^**

LDL (mg/dL)

111.0

47.6

114.8

46.0

0.010^*

Glucose(mg/dL)

92.5

16.6

91.6

15.8

0.114

HbA1c (%)

5.5

0.6

5.5

0.6

0.480

Waist circumference

83.0

14.1

79.0

13.6

<0.001^**

BMI

22.6

2.3

22.3

4.4

0.299

SBP mmHg

120.3

20.0

119.3

21.3

0.001^*

DBP mmHg

80.0

14.0

78.0

12.7

<0.001^**