Table 3 Risk factors for the cause of diarrhea disease and mortality rate (per 100,000) among under-5 and all ages in India, 2019

A

Environmental risks

43.50 (30.80–59.30)

41.31 (23.51–69.19)

1

Unsafe water, sanitation, and handwashing

43.36 (30.71–59.14)

41.30 (23.50–69.18)

1.1

Unsafe water source

38.60 (26.01–53.43)

36.55 (19.49–60.92)

1.2

Unsafe sanitation

22.36 (15.81–29.96)

20.93 (11.86–35.28)

1.3

No access to a handwashing facility

9.82 (6.72–13.76)

8.82 (4.77–14.96)

2

Air pollution

1.80 (1.17–2.68)

0.15 (0.10–0.23)

2.1

Ambient particulate matter pollution

0.95 (0.55–1.53)

0.08 (0.05–0.13)

2.2

Household air pollution from solid fuels

0.85 (0.50–1.37)

0.07 (0.04–0.11)

B

Behavioral risks

44.36 (32.08–59.17)

3.73 (2.70–4.98)

1

Child and maternal malnutrition

44.36 (32.08–59.17)

3.73 (2.70–4.98)

1.1

Suboptimal breastfeeding

8.78 (5.87–12.94)

0.74 (0.49–1.09)

1.1.1

Non-exclusive breastfeeding

8.30 (5.44–12.42)

0.70 (0.46–1.05)

1.1.2

Discontinued breastfeeding

0.58 (0.18–1.09)

0.05 (0.09–0.02)

1.2

Child growth failure

36.64 (26.69–48.57)

3.08 (2.25–4.09)

1.2.1

Child underweight

6.46 (4.38–9.32)

0.54 (0.37–0.78)

1.2.2

Child wasting

35.46 (25.49–47.57)

2.99 (2.15–4.00)

1.2.3

Child stunting

6.10 (2.03–11.72)

0.51 (0.17–0.99)

1.3

Low birth weight and short gestation

6.91 (4.60–10.43)

0.58 (0.39–0.88)

1.3.1

Short gestation for birth weight

4.10 (2.72–6.13)

0.34 (0.23–0.52)

1.3.2

Low birth weight for gestation

6.75 (4.48–10.16)

0.57 (0.38–0.86)

1.4

Vitamin A deficiency

1.02 (0.17–2.15)

0.09 (0.01–0.18)

1.4.1

Zinc deficiency

0.30 (0.06–0.68)

0.02 (0.01–0.06)