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Table 3 Direct per patient hospitalization costsa of persons hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed Influenza in Germany, January 2010 - December 2019

From: Epidemiology and direct healthcare costs of Influenza-associated hospitalizations – nationwide inpatient data (Germany 2010-2019)

 

 N (%)

Median € (IQR)**

Mean € (±SD)

All

156,097 (100)

1805 (1502; 2694)

3521 (±8886)

Sex

   

Female

75,609 (48.4)

1765 (1501; 2690)

3277 (±7903)

Male

80,488 (51.6)

1809 (1504; 2696)

3751 (±9714)

Age, years

   

<18

47,982 (30.7)

1644 (1466; 2405)

2208 (±4526)

18-59

34,829 (22.3)

1698 (1470; 2688)

3982 (±11,559)

>59

73,286 (46.9)

2561 (1627; 2743)

4162 (±9469)

Age, years

   

<10

39,388 (25.2)

1663 (1501; 2445)

2230 (±4374)

10-19

9,717 (6.2)

1504 (1366; 2258)

2145 (±5255)

20-29

5,426 (3.5)

1629 (1370; 2384)

2542 (±7917)

30-39

6,409 (4.1)

1631 (1430; 2610)

2965 (±7378)

40-49

8,262 (5.3)

1724 (1472; 2688)

4084 (±11,867)

50-59

13,609 (8.7)

1809 (1501; 2735)

5101 (±14,149)

60-69

16,777 (10.7)

2291 (1506; 2741)

5434 (±13,574)

70-79

25,627 (16.4)

2408 (1578; 2741)

4275 (±9912)

80-89

25,009 (16.0)

2613 (1629; 2771)

3489 (±5952)

≥90

5,873 (3.8)

2688 (1722; 2858)

2903 (±2230)

Selected Risk Factor

   

Pregnancy

423 (0.3)

1627 (1419; 2420)

3277 (±16,178)

Diabetes

23,465 (15.0)

2632 (1629; 3183)

5231 (±12,150)

Adiposity

5,089 (3.0)

2613 (1627; 3635)

7344 (±16,520)

Immune disorder

8,791 (5.6)

2696 (1632; 5019)

6604 (±16,582)

Selected Complications

   

Bronchitis, Influenza

5,982 (3.8)

1850 (1506; 2690)

3384 (±9910)

Pneumonia, Influenza

37,898 (24.3)

2735 (2688; 4316)

6872 (±14,104)

Pneumonia, other viral

476 (0.3)

3786 (2645; 15,354)

16,328 (±27,631)

Pneumonia, bacterial

9,773 (6.3)

3499 (2683; 11,572)

13,582 (±25,076)

Myocarditis

383 (0.2)

2623 (1759; 3890)

5730 (±10,598)

Encephalitis

224 (0.1)

2752 (1782; 9653)

12,505 (±22,905)

ARDS

1,889 (1.2)

29,015 (12,337; 54,781)

38,372 (±35,996)

Sepsis

3,590 (2.3)

15,818 (4454; 41,009)

29,215 (±36,080)

Otitis Media

2,909 (1.9)

1726 (1520; 2530)

2308 (±4624)

Treatment/Outcome

   

Intensive Care

9,513 (6.1)

11,983 (4086; 28,733)

22,365 (±28,346)

ECMO

540 (0.3)

45,622 (29,299; 74,159)

57,290 (±48,551)

Fatality

5,411 (3.5)

4153 (2685; 16,114)

13,917 (±22,188)

  1. astandardized to 2019 EUR. Data are N (percent) or median (quartiles), unless otherwise specified. Cases were assigned to study years (January - December) by date of hospital discharge. Sex is unknown for 5 of 156,097 persons. These persons were included as female. ICD-10-GM codes are primary diagnosis or secondary diagnosis if not otherwise indicated. ARDS: Acute respiratory distress syndrome. ECMO: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Differences in (median) costs among subgroups were tested for significance; for each selected risk factor, complication and treatment/outcome, the costs in patients with a specific condition were compared with the costs in patients without this specific condition. P-values (after Kruskal-Wallis or Mann-Whitney tests were performed) were all highly significant (p<0.001)
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