Table 1 Description of study instrument
Construct | No. of Items (Format) | Scoring (Range) |
|---|---|---|
1) Knowledge; refers to a theoretical or practical understanding of subject. | 11 items (true – false - don’t know) | ‘Correct’ response = 2, ‘don’t know ‘response = 1, ‘incorrect’ response = 0 (0–22) |
2) Perceived Susceptibility; refers to subjective assessment of risk of developing a health problem. | 6 items / 5-point Likert Scale (strongly disagree to strongly agree) | strongly disagree = 1, disagree = 2, no idea = 3, agree = 4, strongly agree = 5 (6–30) |
3) Perceived Severity; refers to the subjective assessment of severity of a health problem and its potential consequences. | 4 items / 5-point Likert Scale (strongly disagree to strongly agree) | strongly disagree = 1, disagree = 2, no idea = 3, agree = 4, strongly agree = 5 (4–20) |
4) Perceived Benefits; refers to an individual’s perception of the positive aspects of health measures. | 15 items / 5-point Likert Scale (strongly disagree to strongly agree) | strongly disagree = 1, disagree = 2, no idea = 3, agree = 4, strongly agree = 5 (15–75) |
5) Perceived Barriers; refers to an individual’s perception of the psychological and financial costs of health measures. | 19 items (yes - to some extent - no) | ‘yes’ response = 1, ‘to some extent response = 2, ‘No’ response = 3 (19–57) |
6) Perceived Self-efficacy; refers to an individual’s perception of his or her competence to successfully perform a behavior | 8 items / 5 point Likert Scale (strongly disagree to strongly agree) | strongly disagree = 1, disagree = 2, no idea = 3, agree = 4, strongly agree = 5 (8–40) |
7) Behavioral Intention; refers to a person’s perceived probability or “subjective probability” that he or she will engage in a given behavior. | 9 items / 5-point Likert Scale (strongly disagree to strongly agree) | strongly disagree = 1, disagree = 2, no idea = 3, agree = 4, strongly agree = 5 (9–45) |
8) Behavior; refers preventative behaviors associated with HIV/AIDS | 8 items / 5-point Likert Scale (always to never) | Always = 5, often = 4, sometimes = 3, rarely = 2, never = 1 (8–40) |