Table 2 Prevalence of stunting among children aged under five years by background characteristics in Bangladesh
Background characteristics | 2004 (%) | 2017–18 (%) | Difference | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Mother’s characteristics | ||||
Age at first birth | ||||
Less than 18 years | 51.7 | 33.5 | −18.2 | < 0.001 |
18 years or more | 47.0 | 28.6 | −18.4 | < 0.001 |
Educational status | ||||
Not educated | 57.5 | 42.9 | −14.6 | < 0.001 |
Educated | 45.2 | 29.8 | −15.5 | < 0.001 |
Working status | ||||
Not working | 49.5 | 28.3 | −21.2 | < 0.001 |
Working | 51.5 | 34.0 | −17.6 | < 0.001 |
Low BMI | ||||
No | 45.6 | 29.0 | −16.6 | < 0.001 |
Yes | 56.7 | 40.7 | −16.0 | < 0.001 |
Father’s characteristics | ||||
Educational status | ||||
Not educated | 56.5 | 43.6 | −12.9 | < 0.001 |
Educated | 45.4 | 28.5 | −16.9 | < 0.001 |
Working status | ||||
Not working | 44.0 | 34.0 | −10.0 | < 0.001 |
Working | 49.9 | 30.6 | −19.3 | < 0.001 |
Child’s characteristics | ||||
Children age (in months) | ||||
0–23 | 39.0 | 26.9 | −12.0 | < 0.001 |
23–47 | 58.6 | 36.1 | −22.5 | < 0.001 |
48–59 | 53.6 | 28.4 | −25.2 | < 0.001 |
Sex | ||||
Male | 50.6 | 30.8 | −19.8 | < 0.001 |
Female | 49.1 | 30.7 | −18.4 | < 0.001 |
Birth order | ||||
1 | 47.9 | 28.7 | −19.1 | < 0.001 |
2 | 45.5 | 28.5 | −17.1 | < 0.001 |
3 | 48.2 | 32.0 | −16.2 | < 0.001 |
4 and above | 57.0 | 41.0 | −16.1 | < 0.001 |
Household characteristics | ||||
Protected water source | ||||
No | 55.0 | 28.7 | −26.3 | < 0.001 |
Yes | 49.7 | 31.1 | −18.6 | < 0.001 |
Improved toilet facility | ||||
No | 56.9 | 34.3 | −22.6 | < 0.001 |
Yes | 44.4 | 28.1 | −16.3 | < 0.001 |
Wealth Index | ||||
Poorest | 60.8 | 40.3 | −20.5 | < 0.001 |
Poorer | 54.5 | 37.3 | −17.2 | < 0.001 |
Middle | 49.5 | 30.1 | −19.4 | < 0.001 |
Richer | 47.6 | 26.7 | −21.0 | < 0.001 |
Richest | 30.2 | 17.2 | −13.0 | < 0.001 |
Religion | ||||
Islam | 50.4 | 30.9 | −19.5 | < 0.001 |
Others | 43.5 | 28.8 | −14.7 | < 0.001 |
Residential status | ||||
Urban | 44.2 | 25.3 | −18.8 | < 0.001 |
Rural | 51.2 | 32.7 | −18.6 | < 0.001 |
Region | ||||
Barisal | 55.3 | 32.8 | −22.5 | < 0.001 |
Chittagong | 52.4 | 32.5 | −19.9 | < 0.001 |
Dhaka | 51.3 | 27.9 | −23.4 | < 0.001 |
Khulna | 40.6 | 25.6 | −15.0 | < 0.001 |
Rajshahi | 47.2 | 30.6 | −16.5 | < 0.001 |
Sylhet | 52.9 | 42.4 | −10.5 | < 0.001 |
Total | 49.8 | 30.7 | −19.1 | < 0.001 |