Table 2 Socio-demographic, personal, peer and familial variables associated with e-cigarette ever-use in the 2015 & 2019 ESPAD Surveys: multivariable logistic regression

 Male

1

 Female

0.99 (0.83, 1.20)

N/A

N/A

 2015

1

1

1

 2019

2.29 (1.89, 2.78)

2.04 (1.55, 2.68)

2.67 (2.02, 3.54)

 No

1

1

1

 Yes

1.39 (1.10, 1.75)

1.23 (0.89, 1.71)

1.56 (1.12, 2.18)

 No

1

1

1

 Yes

1.76 (1.31, 2.38)

2.60 (1.71, 3.93)

1.14 (0.73, 1.79)

 Single parent

1

1

1

 Two parents

0.84 (0.66, 1.08)

0.91 (0.63, 1.30)

0.80 (0.55, 1.15)

 Blended families

1.43 (0.93, 2.16)

1.85 (1.02, 3.35)

1.14 (0.61, 2.13)

 Know always

1

1

1

 Know quite often

1.99 (1.61, 2.46)

1.94 (1.43, 2.62)

2.04 (1.51, 2.75)

 Know sometimes

3.12 (2.52, 4.63)

3.15 (2.06, 4.83)

3.68 (2.35, 5.75)

 Usually don’t know

3.96 (2.54, 6.18)

5.42 (2.72, 10.79)

3.33 (1.84, 6.03)

 None

1

1

1

 1–4 days

0.86 (0.67, 1.10)

0.83 (0.58, 1.18)

0.90 (0.64, 1.27)

 5 days+

1.56 (0.95, 2.56)

2.17 (1.08, 4.36)

1.07 (0.50, 2.30)

 About the same

1

1

1

 Much better off

1.11 (0.85, 1.45)

1.30 (0.88, 1.91)

0.96 (0.66, 1.40)

 Better off

1.01 (0.81, 1.26)

1.31 (0.96, 1.79)

0.80 (0.59, 1.09)

 Less well off

1.29 (0.93, 1.78)

0.94 (0.59, 1.51)

1.76 (1.11, 2.78)

 None

1

1

1

 A few/some

2.74 (2.17, 3.45)

3.12 (2.22, 4.38)

2.47 (1.79, 3.41)

 Most/all

6.52 (4.66, 9.15)

7.07 (4.33, 11.55)

6.23 (3.87, 10.02)

 Satisfied

1

1

1

 Neither nor

1.65 (1.13, 2.40)

2.22 (1.33, 3.72)

1.55 (0.65, 2.04)

 Not satisfied

1.36 (0.98, 1.89)

1.36 (0.85, 2.18)

1.32 (0.83, 2.10)