Mental health burden of patients with diabetes before and after the initial outbreak of COVID-19: predictors of mental health impairment

Table 2 Prevalence of depression symptoms, generalized anxiety symptoms, and distress before and after the initial COVID-19 outbreak in patients with diabetes

	Before COVID-19 outbreak N (%)	After COVID-19 outbreak N (%)	χ²	p
PHQ-2			7.55	.006
<3	223 (88.1%)	199 (78.7%)
≥3	30 (11.9%)	54 (21.3%)
GAD-2			6.38	.012
<3	218 (86.2%)	195 (77.1%)
≥3	35 (13.8%)	58 (22.9%)
DT			6.91	.009
<4	117 (46.2%)	87 (34.4%)
≥4	136 (53.8%)	166 (65.6%)
Total	253 (100%)	253 (100%)

Note: PHQ-2 = Patient Health Questionnaire-2, sum scores of ≥3 indicate major depression symptoms; GAD-2 = Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-2, sum scores of ≥3 indicate severe generalized anxiety symptoms; DT = Distress Thermometer, scores of ≥4 indicate elevated distress

ISSN: 1471-2458