| Total | Male | Female | Male | Female | p value | Male | Female | p value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | COR | COR (95%CI) | Â | AOR | AOR (95%CI) | Â | |
Television | |||||||||
 Bangladesh (n = 1599) | 1408 (88.06) | 610 (87.02) | 798 (88.86) | 1.00 | 1.19 (0.85, 1.66) | 0.30 | 1.00 | 1.17 (0.84, 1.62) | 0.35 |
 India (n = 5595) | 4401 (78.77) | 2012 (78.44) | 2395 (79.04) | 1.00 | 1.04 (0.91, 1.18) | 0.58 | 1.00 | 1.03 (0.91, 1.18) | 0.61 |
 Indonesia (n = 812) | 601 (74.01) | 222 (76.03) | 379 (72.88) | 1.00 | 0.85 (0.62, 1.17) | 0.31 | 1.00 | 0.84 (0.61, 1.16) | 0.29 |
 Myanmar (n = 386) | 290 (75.13) | 120 (73.17) | 170 (76.58) | 1.00 | 1.20 (0.75, 1.91) | 0.45 | 1.00 | 1.22 (0.76, 1.97) | 0.41 |
 Philippines (n = 421) | 362 (85.99) | 156 (87.15) | 206 (85.12) | 1.00 | 0.84 (0.46, 1.53) | 0.58 | 1.00 | 0.83 (0.45, 1.54) | 0.55 |
 Vietnam (n = 3419) | 2556 (74.82) | 1209 (73.36) | 1347 (76.19) | 1.00 | 1.16 (0.95, 1.42) | 0.14 | 1.00 | 1.17 (0.95, 1.43) | 0.13 |
Internet/social media | |||||||||
 Bangladesh (n = 1599) | 751 (46.97) | 396 (56.49) | 355 (39.53) | 1.00 | 0.50 (0.40, 0.64) | < 0.001 | 1.00 | 0.51 (0.41, 0.64) | < 0.001 |
 India (n = 5595) | 2342 (41.86) | 1127 (43.94) | 1215 (40.10) | 1.00 | 0.85 (0.75, 0.97) | 0.019 | 1.00 | 0.84 (0.73, 0.96) | 0.010 |
 Indonesia (n = 812) | 292 (35.96) | 103 (35.27) | 189 (36.35) | 1.00 | 1.05 (0.74, 1.49) | 0.80 | 1.00 | 1.07 (0.76, 1.51) | 0.70 |
 Myanmar (n = 386) | 107 (27.72) | 54 (32.93) | 53 (23.87) | 1.00 | 0.64 (0.42, 0.97) | 0.034 | 1.00 | 0.65 (0.43, 0.97) | 0.036 |
 Philippines (n = 421) | 238 (56.53) | 86 (48.04) | 152 (62.81) | 1.00 | 1.83 (1.30, 2.58) | 0.001 | 1.00 | 1.85 (1.27, 2.70) | 0.001 |
 Vietnam (n = 3419) | 2307 (67.54) | 1106 (67.11) | 1201 (67.93) | 1.00 | 1.04 (0.87, 1.24) | 0.68 | 1.00 | 1.06 (0.89, 1.27) | 0.50 |
Mobile (phone call/SMS) | |||||||||
 Bangladesh (n = 1599) | 947 (59.22) | 407 (58.06) | 540 (60.13) | 1.00 | 1.09 (0.85, 1.39) | 0.49 | 1.00 | 1.12 (0.88, 1.43) | 0.35 |
 India (n = 5595) | 3581 (64.00) | 1677 (65.38) | 1904 (62.84) | 1.00 | 0.90 (0.82, 0.98) | 0.020 | 1.00 | 0.88 (0.80, 0.98) | 0.014 |
 Indonesia (n = 812) | 132 (16.26) | 51 (17.47) | 81 (15.58) | 1.00 | 0.87 (0.58, 1.31) | 0.51 | 1.00 | 0.83 (0.56, 1.23) | 0.35 |
 Myanmar (n = 386) | 50 (12.95) | 24 (14.63) | 26 (11.71) | 1.00 | 0.77 (0.46, 1.29) | 0.33 | 1.00 | 0.79 (0.48, 1.29) | 0.35 |
 Philippines (n = 421) | 70 (16.63) | 25 (13.97) | 45 (18.60) | 1.00 | 1.41 (0.79, 2.49) | 0.24 | 1.00 | 1.40 (0.77, 2.55) | 0.28 |
Vietnam (n = 3419) | 1797 (52.61) | 839 (50.91) | 958 (54.19) | 1.00 | 1.14 (0.98, 1.33) | 0.10 | 1.00 | 1.15 (0.98, 1.35) | 0.08 |
Friends | |||||||||
 Bangladesh (n = 1599) | 665 (41.59) | 300 (42.80) | 365 (40.65) | 1.00 | 0.92 (0.76, 1.10) | 0.35 | 1.00 | 0.96 (0.80, 1.15) | 0.63 |
 India (n = 5595) | 2991 (53.46) | 1385 (54.00) | 1606 (53.00) | 1.00 | 0.96 (0.86, 1.07) | 0.47 | 1.00 | 0.96 (0.86, 1.06) | 0.41 |
 Indonesia (n = 812) | 181 (22.29) | 64 (21.92) | 117 (22.50) | 1.00 | 1.03 (0.75, 1.42) | 0.84 | 1.00 | 1.07 (0.78, 1.47) | 0.67 |
 Myanmar (n = 386) | 98 (25.39) | 39 (23.78) | 59 (26.58) | 1.00 | 1.16 (0.70, 1.91) | 0.56 | 1.00 | 1.17 (0.71, 1.94) | 0.54 |
 Philippines (n = 421) | 42 (9.98) | 22 (12.29) | 20 (8.26) | 1.00 | 0.64 (0.30, 1.36) | 0.25 | 1.00 | 0.56 (0.26, 1.22) | 0.14 |
 Vietnam (n = 3419) | 1749 (51.20) | 809 (49.09) | 940 (53.17) | 1.00 | 1.18 (1.02, 1.36) | 0.030 | 1.00 | 1.18 (1.02, 1.36) | 0.029 |
Family | |||||||||
 Bangladesh (n = 1599) | 945 (59.10) | 377 (53.78) | 568 (63.25) | 1.00 | 1.48 (1.24, 1.77) | < 0.001 | 1.00 | 1.44 (1.21, 1.70) | < 0.001 |
 India (n = 5595) | 3439 (61.47) | 1495 (58.28) | 1944 (64.16) | 1.00 | 1.28 (1.14, 1.43) | < 0.001 | 1.00 | 1.29 (1.15, 1.45) | < 0.001 |
 Indonesia (n = 812) | 305 (37.56) | 106 (36.30) | 199 (38.27) | 1.00 | 1.09 (0.78, 1.51) | 0.62 | 1.00 | 1.07 (0.77, 1.50) | 0.67 |
 Myanmar (n = 386) | 164 (42.49) | 70 (42.68) | 94 (42.34) | 1.00 | 0.99 (0.65, 1.49) | 0.95 | 1.00 | 0.97 (0.64, 1.47) | 0.89 |
 Philippines (n = 421) | 115 (27.32) | 56 (31.28) | 59 (24.38) | 1.00 | 0.71 (0.42, 1.21) | 0.20 | 1.00 | 0.72 (0.42, 1.24) | 0.23 |
 Vietnam (n = 3419) | 1989 (58.23) | 947 (57.46) | 1042 (58.94) | 1.00 | 1.06 (0.93, 1.21) | 0.36 | 1.00 | 1.06 (0.93, 1.21) | 0.38 |