Table 2 Background characteristics of the children
Characteristics | Total (%)e | Rural (%)e | Urban (%)e |
|---|---|---|---|
Maternal age (years) | |||
 15–19 | 938 (12.2) | 657 (13.0) | 281 (10.8) |
 20–24 | 2679 (35.0) | 1818 (36.0) | 861 (33.0) |
 25–29 | 2146 (28.0) | 1395 (27.6) | 751 (28.8) |
 30–34 | 1293 (16.9) | 825 (16.3) | 468 (18.0) |
 34–39 | 481 (6.3) | 291 (5.8) | 190 (7.3) |
 ≥ 40 | 124 (1.6) | 70 (1.4) | 54 (2.1) |
Parents’ education | |||
 Both parents were uneducated | 294 (3.8) | 208 (4.1) | 86 (3.3) |
 Only father was uneducated | 865 (11.3) | 654 (12.9) | 211 (8.1) |
 Only mother was uneducated | 243 (3.2) | 154 (3.1) | 89 (3.4) |
 Both parents were educated | 6259 (81.7) | 4040 (79.9) | 2219 (85.2) |
Mother’s income-earning status | |||
 Not working | 4560 (59.5) | 2788 (55.1) | 1772 (68.0) |
 Currently working | 3101 (40.5) | 2268 (44.9) | 833 (32.0) |
Underweight mother (< 18.5 kg/m2) | |||
 No | 6535 (85.3) | 4246 (84.0) | 2289 (87.9) |
 Yes | 1126 (14.7) | 810 (16.0) | 316 (12.1) |
Mothers received antenatal care (n = 4540) | |||
 No | 363 (8.0) | 285 (9.5) | 78 (5.1) |
 Yes | 4177 (92.0) | 2727 (90.5) | 1450 (94.9) |
Mothers received postnatal care (n = 4535) | |||
 No | 1509 (33.3) | 970 (32.2) | 539 (35.4) |
 Yes | 3026 (66.7) | 2041 (67.8) | 985 (64.6) |
Mother’s attitudes toward wife-beating | |||
 Not justified | 6274 (81.9) | 4042 (79.9) | 2232 (85.7) |
 Justified | 1387 (18.1) | 1014 (20.1) | 373 (14.3) |
Mothers’ decision-making autonomya | |||
 Not participated | 1083 (14.1) | 786 (15.5) | 297 (11.4) |
 Participated | 6578 (85.9) | 4270 (84.5) | 2308 (71.9) |
Religion | |||
 Islam | 6997 (91.3) | 4608 (91.1) | 2389 (91.7) |
 Others | 664 (8.7) | 448 (8.9) | 216 (8.3) |
Source of water | |||
 Improved | 6658 (86.9) | 4332 (85.7) | 2326 (89.3) |
 Unimproved | 1003 (13.1) | 724 (14.3) | 279 (10.7) |
Cooking fuel | |||
 Clean fuel | 2218 (29.0) | 899 (17.8) | 1319 (50.6) |
 Solid fuel | 5443 (71.0) | 4157 (82.2) | 1286 (49.4) |
Type of toilet facility | |||
 Improved | 4359 (56.9) | 2638 (52.2) | 1721 (66.1) |
 Unimproved | 3302 (43.1) | 2418 (47.8) | 884 (33.9) |
Mass media exposure | |||
 No | 2771 (36.1) | 2232 (44.2) | 539 (20.7) |
 Yes | 4890 (63.8) | 2824 (55.8) | 2066 (79.3) |
Wealth indexb | |||
 Poorest | 1708 (22.3) | 1422 (28.1) | 286 (11.0) |
 Poorer | 1545 (20.2) | 1325 (26.2) | 220 (8.4) |
 Middle | 1381 (18.0) | 1024 (20.2) | 357 (13.7) |
 Richer | 1533 (20.0) | 827 (16.4) | 706 (27.1) |
 Richest | 1494 (19.5) | 458 (9.1) | 1036 (39.8) |
Children age | |||
 0–11 months | 1673 (21.8) | 1120 (22.2) | 553 (21.2) |
 12–23 months | 1583 (20.7) | 1058 (20.9) | 525 (20.1) |
 24–35 months | 1475 (19.3) | 973 (19.2) | 502 (19.3) |
 36–47 months | 1417 (18.5) | 939 (18.6) | 478 (18.4) |
 48–59 months | 1513 (19.7) | 966 (19.1) | 547 (21.0) |
Sex of child | |||
 Male | 3995 (51.2) | 2673 (52.9) | 1322 (50.7) |
 Female | 3666 (48.8) | 2383 (47.1) | 1283 (49.3) |
Birth order | |||
 First | 2902 (37.9) | 1848 (36.6) | 1054 (40.4) |
 Second | 2507 (32.7) | 1617 (32.0) | 890 (34.2) |
 Third | 1297 (16.9) | 893 (17.7) | 404 (15.5) |
 Fourth and above | 955 (12.5) | 698 (13.8) | 257 (9.9) |
Small birth weightc (n = 4735) | |||
 No | 1815 (38.3) | 1036 (32.9) | 779 (49.2) |
 Yes | 326 (6.9) | 190 (6.0) | 136 (8.6) |
 Not weighted | 2594 (54.8) | 1927 (61.1) | 667 (42.2) |
Recent morbidity statusd | |||
 No | 4043 (52.8) | 2636 (52.1) | 1407 (54.0) |
 Yes | 3618 (47.2) | 2420 (47.9) | 1198 (46.0) |
Total | 7661 (100.0) | 5056 (66.0) | 2605 (34.0) |