Table 5 Prevalence of decreased ventilator capacity, possible restrictive pattern, and obstruction as per the raw measures and Z-score (for both 2.5th and 5th percentile limit) of Health CheckPoint Survey, stratified by cluster and sex (in percent within the cluster)

 Decreased ventilator capacity FEV₁ (L) < LLN (L)

5.25

8.30

0.83

2.72

2.25

3.17

3.51

3.96

3.03

8.86

12.36

4.65

 Possible restrictive pattern FVC (L) < LLN(L)

1.24

1.33

1.11

1.22

1.19

1.25

1.90

0

3.93

1.21

1.84

0.46

 Obstruction FEV₁/FVC ratio < LLN (80%)

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

 Small Airway Impairment MEF (FEF 25–75%) < LLN (L/s)

18.65

21.14

15.04

11.46

11.32

11.60

14.84

10.94

19.03

26.10

32.16

18.80

  FEV₁ < -2 z score

4.93

7.75

0.83

0.67

0.64

0.70

1.28

2.48

0

5.08

8.79

0.61

  FVC < −2 z score

0.45

0

1.11

0.35

0.28

0.43

1.07

0

2.21

1.01

1.84

0

  FEV₁/FVC ratio < −2 z score

16.95

19.79

12.83

10.19

10.18

10.20

10.57

11.72

9.33

21.65

27.32

14.81

  MEF (FEF 25–75%) < − 2 z score

12.00

14.68

8.12

6.32

6.03

6.59

10.32

9.30

11.41

18.62

24.05

12.08

  FEV₁ < -1.645 z score

5.25

8.30

0.83

2.72

2.25

3.17

3.51

3.96

3.03

8.86

12.36

4.65

  FVC < −1.645 z score

1.24

1.33

1.11

1.22

1.19

1.25

1.90

0

3.93

1.21

1.84

0.46

  FEV₁/FVC ratio < −1.645 z score

22.34

24.27

19.55

17.63

17.38

17.87

18.24

16.63

19.96

33.57

38.35

27.81

  MEF (FEF 25–75%) < − 1.645 z score

18.65

21.14

15.04

11.46

11.32

11.60

14.84

10.94

19.03

26.10

32.16

18.80