Table 3 Reported positions while interacting with devices and times in respective positions on a typical day (n = 507). Responses based on a 9-point scale: 1 - “Never” to 9 - “More than 12 hours per day”

 Sitting at a desk, using a laptop, while talking on the phone (Elbow desk laptop)

4

4.11

0.07

 Sitting at a desk, using a tablet, while leaning on the elbow (Elbow desk tablet)

4

3.50

0.07

 Sitting at a desk, leaning over, and using a phone or tablet (Desk phone, tablet)

4

3.50

0.07

 Sitting up straight (90° at waist, elbows, and knees) a desk, and using a phone or tablet (Desk Sit)

4

3.49

0.07

 Relaxed posture (>  90° at waist, elbows, and knees) a desk, and using a phone or tablet (Desk laptop)

3

3.47

0.06

 Reclining on the floor or in bed using a tablet (Floor/bed recline tablet)

3

3.22

0.07

 Sitting on a chair with elbow on the table using a phone (Chair/table phone)

3

3.06

0.07

 Sitting up straight (90° at waist, elbows, and knees) in a chair (Chair sit)

3

2.78

0.06

 Reclining back in a bed using a laptop (Bed laptop-back)

2

2.59

0.07

 Reclining on front in a bed using a laptop (Bed laptop-front)

2

2.30

0.07

 Sitting in a chair with feet on ottoman using a laptop (Chair ottoman-laptop)

2

2.28

0.07

 Standing at a standing desk (Desk Stand)

1

1.83

0.05

 From the top—Hands on keyboard with no deviation (Keyboard Hands-No Deviation)

4

3.78

0.07

 From the top—Hands on keyboard with radial deviation (Keyboard-Radial deviation)

2

2.73

0.08

 Side view—Hand at keyboard with no extension (Keyboard Hands-No Extension)

3

3.10

0.07

 Side view—Hand at keyboard with wrist extension (Keyboard-Wrist extension)

3

2.99

0.08

 From the top—Hand on mouse with ulnar deviation (Mouse-Ulnar deviation)

2

2.19

0.07

 From the top—Hands on keyboard with ulnar deviation (Keyboard-Ulnar deviation)

1

1.60

0.06