Risky motorcycle riding behaviour among young riders in Manipal, India

Sumit, Kumar; Ross, Veerle; Brijs, Kris; Wets, Geert; Ruiter, Robert A. C.

doi:10.1186/s12889-021-11899-y

BMC Public Health

Table 2 Factor structure and loadings of the MRBQ items

From: Risky motorcycle riding behaviour among young riders in Manipal, India

Questions	1	2	3	4	5
Questions	Traffic errors	Control errors	Protective equipment	Stunts	Violations
1. Drive the vehicle so fast into a corner (or curve) until you feel that you might lose control	0.30
2. When riding at the same speed as other traffic, when the traffic light indicates to stop, it becomes difficult to stop in time	0.44
3. Going quite wide from the corner of the road when negotiating a corner	0.47
4. Failing to notice a pedestrian waiting at a crossing when the lights have just turned red	0.52
5. Failing to notice the pedestrians are crossing when turning onto a side street from the main road	0.43
6. Attempting to overtake someone without noticing a right turn signal	0.38
7. Driving in between two lanes of fast-moving traffic	0.37
8. Go onto the main road in front of a vehicle that you did not notice or whose speed you had misjudged		0.30
9. Did not notice or anticipate another vehicle coming in front of you and had difficulty to stop		0.39
10. Being distracted or pre-occupied, you suddenly realize that the vehicle in front has slowed, and you have to apply the brake hard to avoid a collision		0.37
11. Not noticing someone stepping out from a parked vehicle and it is too late for you to stop your vehicle to avoid collision with him		0.49
12. Go extremely fast towards a corner that you will feel scared		0.34
13. While waiting for your turn to turn left on the main road, you pay such close attention to the main traffic that you are almost about to hit a vehicle that is in your front		0.43
14. Need to brake or back-off when negotiating a bend		0.39
15. Skidding on wet road or manhole cover, road marking, etc.		0.52
16. You go so close to the vehicle at the front that it becomes difficult to stop in an emergency		0.53
17. Use motorcycle protective trousers (leather or non-leather)			0.69
18. Use motorcycle boots			0.77
19. Use motorcycle protective jacket (leather or non-leather)			0.83
20. Use body armor/shock protectors (e.g., elbow, shoulder, knee)			0.78
21. Bright/fluorescent stripes/patches on your clothing			0.72
22. Use Leather one-piece motorcycle suit			0.57
23. Use Bright/fluorescent clothing			0.45
24. Use motorcycle gloves			0.74
25. Do you wear any motorcycle-specific protective clothing			0.69
26. Attempt or done a wheelie				−0.37
27. Intentionally doing a wheel spin				−0.42
28. Exceed the speed limit in a motorway					--0.59
29. Exceed the speed limit on rural roads					−0.53
30. Exceed the speed limit in a residential road (Colony road)					0.41
31. Talk on the mobile phone while riding					0.75
32. Texting and driving					0.66
33. Ignore the speed limit at late night or early morning					−0.61
34. Going very fast in a country road					−0.67
35. Engage in racing with other riders or drivers					−0.45
36. Going fast from the traffic lights to defeat the driver/rider in front of you					−0.36
α	0.66	0.69	0.82	0.79	0.80
R²	0.15	0.10	0.6	0.5	0.3
Mean	2.02	2.26	5.07	1.49	2.24
SD	0.67	0.62	1.01	0.90	0.82

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ISSN: 1471-2458

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