Table 3 Multivariable regression analysis examining heat protection behaviours always/often taken by potentially vulnerable and vulnerable groups (n = 431)
Avoid sun OR (95%CI) | Drink cool fluids OR (95%CI) | Covers skin OR (95%CI) | Limits physical activity OR (95%CI) | Electric fan OR (95%CI) | Close curtain on exposed windows day OR (95%CI) | Close exposed windows day OR (95%CI) | Open windows night OR (95%CI) | Avoid alcohol OR (95%CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age | |||||||||
18–34 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
35–54 | 1.7 (0.7–4.2) | 0.4 (0.0–5.5) | 0.4 (0.1–1.1) | 0.5 (0.2–1.6) | 0.2 (0.1–0.7) | 2.2 (0.8–6.2) | 0.7 (0.3–1.9) | 1.6 (0.4–6.2) | 0.9 (0.3–2.8) |
55–74 | 2.5 (1.0–6.5) | 0.4 (0.0–5.8) | 1.0 (0.3–2.7) | 0.6 (0.2–1.9) | 0.3 (0.1–0.9) | 3.2 (1.1–9.1) | 1.3 (0.5–3.6) | 0.8 (0.2–2.9) | 1.0 (0.3–3.0) |
75 and over | 4.1 (1.2–14.7) | 0.3 (0.0–4.6) | 0.8 (0.2–2.6) | 2.2 (0.6–8.0) | 0.4 (0.1–1.8) | 1.7 (0.5–5.9) | 1.4 (0.4–4.6) | 0.3 (0.1–1.2) | 2.0 (0.5–7.5) |
Health | |||||||||
Good/very good | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Fair | 1.8 (0.8–3.8) | 0.8 (0.3–2.3) | 1.2 (0.6–2.4) | 1.3 (0.6–2.8) | 3.0 (1.3–6.8) | 1.4 (0.7–2.9) | 2.1 (1.0–4.5) | 1.3 (0.5–3.3) | 2.3 (1.1–5.2) |
Bad/very bad | 2.1 (1.0–4.3) | 0.6 (0.2–1.4) | 0.8 (0.4–1.7) | 1.4 (0.6–3.0) | 3.4 (1.5–7.5) | 1.5 (0.7–3.2) | 2.2 (1.0–4.8) | 0.8 (0.3–1.9) | 2.8 (1.2–6.3) |
LLSI | |||||||||
No | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Does not affect day-to-day life | 0.4 (0.1–1.0) | 1.2 (0.4–3.6) | 0.7 (0.3–2.0) | 0.7 (0.3–1.7) | 0.5 (0.2–1.5) | 0.8 (0.3–2.0) | 0.8 (0.3–2.1) | 0.8 (0.2–2.4) | 1.2 (0.5–3.0) |
Affects day-to-day life | 0.8 (0.3–1.9) | 0.9 (0.4–2.5) | 0.4 (0.2–1.0) | 0.9 (0.4–2.1) | 0.6 (0.3–1.6) | 0.7 (0.3–1.7) | ) 0.3 (0.1–0.7) | 0.5 (0.2–1.4) | 1.5 (0.6–3.7) |
Household type | |||||||||
Living with someone | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Living alone | 0.9 (0.5–1.7) | 1.0 (0.5–2.3) | 0.9 (0.5–1.7) | 0.7 (0.4–1.4) | 0.4 (0.2–0.8) | 1.1 (0.6–2.2) | 1.2 (0.7–2.4) | 0.5 (0.2–1.0) | 0.4 (0.2–0.8) |
Heard alert advice | |||||||||
Did not hear advice | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Heard advice | 1.4 (0.8–2.4) | 1.9 (0.9–3.7) | 1.1 (0.6–1.9) | 1.0 (0.6–1.9) | 1.3 (0.7–2.5) | 1.0 (0.6–1.8) | 1.7 (1.0–3.0) | 2.2 (1.1–4.5) | 1.4 (0.8–2.4) |
Effective | |||||||||
Not/slightly/somewhat | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Completely/very | 2.6 (1.5–4.5) | 6.2 (2.8–13.7) | 2.8 (1.5–5.1) | 3.7 (2.0–7.0) | 4.9 (2.7–9.1) | 6.5 (3.7–11.4) | 9.6 (4.1–22.5) | 3.7 (1.6–8.4) | 4.3 (2.4–7.8) |
Hot weather is a risk to health | |||||||||
Disagree/strongly disagree | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Neutral | 1.3 (0.6–2.6) | 1.6 (0.6–4.7) | 1.0 (0.5–1.9) | 1.0 (0.4–2.2) | 1.4 (0.6–3.2) | 2.2 (1.0–4.7) | 2.5 (1.2–5.3) | 0.5 (0.2–1.2) | 1.4 (0.7–2.8) |
Agree/strongly agree | 1.9 (1.0–3.7) | 1.4 (0.5–3.9) | 1.3 (0.6–2.7) | 2.1 (1.0–4.3) | 1.3 (0.6–2.7) | 1.3 (0.6–2.7) | 1.4 (0.6–3.0) | 0.7 (0.3–1.6) | 1.0 (0.5–2.0) |
Love hot weather | |||||||||
Disagree/strongly disagree | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Neutral | 0.8 (0.4–1.8) | 1.3 (0.4–4.2) | 1.0 (0.4–2.3) | 0.5 (0.2–1.1) | 0.4 (0.2–1.0) | 0.4 (0.1–0.9) | 1.2 (0.5–2.9) | 0.4 (0.1–1.0) | 0.9 (0.4–2.0) |
Agree/strongly agree | 0.8 (0.3–1.6) | 1.2 (0.4–3.6) | 0.4 (0.2–0.9) | 0.6 (0.3–1.3) | 0.9 (0.4–1.9) | 0.4 (0.2–0.8) | 1.1 (0.5–2.5) | 0.6 (0.2–1.7) | 0.5 (0.2–1.2) |
Sex | |||||||||
Male | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Female | 1.9 (1.1–3.3) | 1.8 (0.9–3.8) | 0.8 (0.5–1.5) | 1.8 (0.9–3.4) | 1.1 (0.6–2.0) | 1.3 (0.7–2.3) | 0.9 (0.5–1.6) | 1.2 (0.5–2.6) | 1.9 (1.1–3.3) |
Ethnicity | |||||||||
White | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Other | 2.1 (0.7–6.6) | 0.4 (0.1–1.5) | 0.3 (0.1–1.1) | 1.7 (0.6–5.1) | 1.1 (0.3–3.9) | 1.3 (0.3–5.1) | 1.2 (0.4–4.1) | 0.7 (0.1–3.7) | 4.4 (1.1–17.2) |
Education | |||||||||
Degree/higher | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
A-level/equivalent | 0.4 (0.2–1.1) | 1.6 (0.5–4.8) | 0.6 (0.3–1.3) | 0.3 (0.1–0.7) | 1.9 (0.7–4.8) | 0.7 (0.3–1.6) | 0.7 (0.3–1.8) | 1.7 (0.3–8.0) | 0.5 (0.2–1.2) |
Below A-level/none | 0.5 (0.2–1.1) | 1.4 (0.6–3.4) | 0.7 (0.3–1.5) | 0.6 (0.2–1.3) | 1.9 (0.7–3.9) | 0.5 (0.2–1.1) | 1.0 (0.4–2.3) | 0.5 (0.2–1.5) | 1.1 (0.5–2.3) |
Other | 0.8 (0.3–2.3) | 4.9 (1.0–23.7) | 1.2 (0.4–3.9) | 0.7 (0.2–2.3) | 2.5 (1.0–6.5) | 0.9 (0.4–2.4) | 1.5 (0.4–4.9) | 1.5 (0.3–7.5) | 1.2 (0.4–3.6) |
Monthly household income | |||||||||
Less than £1200 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
£1201 - £2200 | 1.1 (0.6–2.3) | 0.8 (0.3–2.0) | 0.9 (0.5–1.8) | 1.3 (0.6–2.9) | 0.6 (0.3–1.3) | 1.0 (0.5–2.1) | 0.9 (0.5–1.9) | 0.7 (0.3–1.7) | 1.7 (0.8–3.7) |
£2201 - £3700 | 1.5 (0.7–3.4) | 1.8 (0.5–6.2) | 1.7 (0.8–3.6) | 1.9 (0.9–4.2) | 1.2 (0.5–2.8) | 0.8 (0.4–1.9) | 0.6 (0.2–1.3) | 1.3 (0.5–3.5) | 0.7 (0.3–1.7) |
£3701 or more | 0.4 (0.1–1.1) | 5.0 (1.1–22.1) | 2.2 (0.8–6.0) | 3.0 (1.0–9.2) | 2.8 (1.1–7.2) | 0.6 (0.2–1.6) | 1.4 (0.5–3.9) | 6.8 (1.0–47.0) | 0.4 (0.2–1.2) |
Region | |||||||||
North | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Midlands | 1.3 (0.6–2.6) | 1.9 (0.5–7.4) | 0.8 (0.4–1.8) | 1.1 (0.5–2.5) | 2.2 (1.0–4.9) | 1.5 (0.7–3.4) | 0.6 (0.3–1.3) | 0.8 (0.3–2.0) | 1.1 (0.5–2.4) |
East | 0.8 (0.3–1.9) | 0.6 (0.2–1.7) | 0.6 (0.3–1.6) | 1.5 (0.6–4.1) | 1.9 (0.7–5.2) | 1.4 (0.6–3.4) | 0.6 (0.2–1.7) | 0.7 (0.2–2.1) | 1.3 (0.5–3.1) |
London & South East | 0.9 (0.4–2.0) | 1.4 (0.5–3.8) | 0.7 (0.3–1.4) | 0.9 (0.4–2.1) | 2.1 (1.0–4.4) | 2.4 (1.1–5.3) | 0.7 (0.3–1.5) | 0.8 (0.3–2.2) | 0.8 (0.4–1.6) |
South West | 1.8 (0.6–4.8) | 1.0 (0.3–3.7) | 0.7 (0.3–2.0) | 1.0 (0.4–2.7) | 1.0 (0.3–3.5) | 1.2 (0.5–3.1) | 0.4 (0.1–1.3) | 22.6 (2.1–248.1) | 2.5 (0.8–8.1) |
Location | |||||||||
Rural | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Urban | 0.9 (0.4–1.7) | 1.5 (0.7–3.3) | 0.9 (0.4–1.9) | 1.0 (0.5–1.9) | 1.4 (0.6–3.5) | 0.8 (0.4–1.7) | 1.9 (0.9–3.9) | 1.3 (0.5–3.0) | 1.5 (0.7–3.1) |