Table 7 Main factors affecting forgone care in terms of demographic, socioeconomic and disease-related variables
From: Forgone care in patients with type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional study
Variables | Categories | Social support | Awareness and attitude on disease and treatment | Quality of care | Accessibility | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean ± SD | P-value | Mean ± SD | P-value | Mean ± SD | P-value | Mean ± SD | P-value | ||
Gender | Male | 18.11 ± 19.13 | .26 | 19.24 ± 19.76 | .37 | 66.04 ± 39.34 | .004 | 37.59 ± 24.95 | .57 |
Female | 16.77 ± 18.63 | 18.17 ± 18.40 | 58.87 ± 39.76 | 36.71 ± 25.22 | |||||
Age | <  40 | 22.83 ± 20.32 | .001 | 21.89 ± 19.87 | .02 | 61.07 ± 38.89 | .98 | 41.14 ± 25.01 | .08 |
40–60 | 17.33 ± 19.73 | 19.07 ± 19.30 | 61.12 ± 39.55 | 37.31 ± 25.03 | |||||
>  60 | 15.63 ± 17.02 | 17.05 ± 18.00 | 61.52 ± 40.25 | 35.59 ± 25.17 | |||||
Marital status | Married | 16.57 ± 18.61 | .01 | 17.88 ± 18.66 | .01 | 61.53 ± 39.85 | .65 | 36.45 ± 25.23 | .10 |
Single | 20.19 ± 19.43 | 21.45 ± 19.59 | 60.18 ± 39.36 | 39.52 ± 24.52 | |||||
Income status | <  1500 international $ | 18.29 ± 21.01 | .75 | 18.82 ± 19.94 | .49 | 53.21 ± 38.56 | < .0001 | 42.51 ± 25.96 | < .0001 |
>  1500 international $ | 17.83 ± 17.42 | 19.79 ± 18.85 | 68.13 ± 38.08 | 30.28 ± 23.59 | |||||
Education status | Illiterate | 18.35 ± 19.48 | .04 | 17.83 ± 17.95 | .45 | 60.11 ± 39.26 | .32 | 40.97 ± 25.00 | < .0001 |
Reading and writing ability | 15.82 ± 17.89 | 18.41 ± 19.64 | 60.22 ± 40.44 | 37.19 ± 24.95 | |||||
Diploma | 16.02 ± 18.50 | 19.55 ± 19.18 | 64.26 ± 39.79 | 30.58 ± 23.60 | |||||
Academic education | 21.48 ± 19.50 | 21.28 ± 19.59 | 67.80 ± 38.57 | 26.30 ± 25.03 | |||||
Habitant status | Urban | 16.83 ± 18.70 | .057 | 18.15 ± 18.74 | .07 | 61.39 ± 40.26 | .81 | 35.18 ± 24.22 | < .0001 |
Rural | 20.23 ± 19.39 | 21.40 ± 19.69 | 60.60 ± 36.00 | 50.49 ± 27.60 | |||||
Type of basic health insurance | Iranian health insurance | 17.59 ± 17.94 | .53 | 20.65 ± 18.83 | .006 | 66.11 ± 38.82 | .003 | 41.40 ± 25.96 | < .0001 |
Social security | 16.87 ± 19.24 | 17.38 ± 18.83 | 58.72 ± 39.96 | 34.57 ± 24.17 | |||||
Supplementary health insurance status | Yes | 16.40 ± 18.50 | .23 | 18.48 ± 18.23 | .94 | 63.72 ± 39.58 | .09 | 30.74 ± 23.14 | < .0001 |
No | 17.76 ± 18.99 | 18.55 ± 19.29 | 59.72 ± 39.80 | 41.09 ± 25.54 | |||||
Chronicity (in years) of DM | <  5 year | 18.61 ± 20.12 | .12 | 21.01 ± 20.96 | .003 | 60.01 ± 39.44 | .05 | 37.51 ± 24.52 | .80 |
5 to 10 years | 15.68 ± 17.70 | 17.66 ± 17.33 | 57.24 ± 40.41 | 36.19 ± 23.53 | |||||
>  10 years | 16.88 ± 18.11 | 16.74 ± 17.45 | 64.47 ± 39.43 | 36.98 ± 26.60 | |||||
Type of current treatment | Oral pills | 16.46 ± 18.85 | .23 | 18.53 ± 19.07 | .009 | 59.26 ± 40.68 | .06 | 35.37 ± 25.09 | .55 |
Insulin | 17.86 ± 18.32 | 17.50 ± 17.26 | 64.70 ± 38.61 | 38.96 ± 25.22 | |||||
Change in lifestyle (change in diet and physical activity) | 19.80 ± 21.18 | 24.91 ± 24.92 | 57.39 ± 37.47 | 39.04 ± 24.09 | |||||
Presence of co-morbidity or complications | Yes | 17.38 ± 18.65 | .63 | 18.35 ± 18.76 | .57 | 64.50 ± 39.58 | <.0001 | 37.74 ± 24.99 | .08 |
No | 16.74 ± 19.30 | 19.09 ± 19.25 | 51.00 ± 38.57 | 34.66 ± 25.46 | |||||
Hospitalization due to complications of DM in the past year | Yes | 19.07 ± 18.87 | .03 | 18.36 ± 17.43 | .84 | 66.03 ± 37.63 | .006 | 40.86 ± 25.50 | .001 |
No | 16.42 ± 18.73 | 18.60 ± 19.47 | 59.20 ± 40.48 | 35.34 ± 24.79 | |||||
Disease severity | Sever | 19.09 ± 18.95 | <.0001 | 19.57 ± 18.51 | .083 | 65.99 ± 38.55 | < .0001 | 41.29 ± 24.64 | < .0001 |
Moderate | 14.79 ± 17.85 | 16.89 ± 17.91 | 46.17 ± 37.28 | 32.82 ± 24.10 | |||||
Low | 14.34 ± 18.73 | 17.19 ± 20.60 | 62.75 ± 41.92 | 29.02 ± 24.90 | |||||