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Table 3 Estimates of decomposition analysis for contribution of various explanatory variables for IADL among older adults in India

From: Socio-economic inequality in functional disability and impairments with focus on instrumental activity of daily living: a study on older adults in India

Background characteristics Coefficient Elasticity Concentration Index Absolute contribution % Contribution  
Age (years)
 60–69 1.00      
 70–79 0.62* 0.032 −0.015 0.000 1.3  
 80+ 1.63* 0.028 0.019 0.001 −1.4 −0.1
Sex
 Men 1.00      
 Women −0.55* −0.063 −0.033 0.002 −5.7 −5.7
Educational status
 No education 1.00      
 Below 5 years −0.56* −0.026 0.001 0.000 0.1  
 6 to 10 years − 0.83* −0.045 0.260 −0.012 31.7  
 11+ years −1.58* − 0.021 0.614 −0.013 35.2 67.0
Marital status
 Not in union 1.00      
 Currently in union −0.21* −0.027 0.040 − 0.001 2.9 2.9
Living arrangement
 Alone 1.00      
 With spouse 1.03* 0.029 −0.197 − 0.006 15.5  
 With children 1.42* 0.191 0.089 0.017 −46.5  
 Others 1.38* 0.021 0.092 0.002 −5.4 −36.5
Working status
 No 1.00      
 Yes −0.76* −0.039 − 0.174 0.007 −18.8  
 Retired −0.21* −0.001 0.518 −0.001 1.5 −17.3
Having children
 Yes 1.00      
 No 0.03 0.001 −0.359 0.000 0.8 0.8
Self-rated health
 Good 1.00      
 Poor 0.55* 0.054 −0.038 −0.002 5.6 5.6
Chronic diseases
 No 1.00      
 Yes 0.14* 0.012 0.051 0.001 −1.6 −1.6
Substance use
 No 1.00      
 Yes −0.08 −0.004 −0.120 0.000 −1.3 −1.3
Wealth quintile
 Poorest 1.00      
 Poorer −0.13 −0.009 −0.338 0.003 −7.8  
 Middle −0.16 −0.010 0.138 −0.001 3.8  
 Richer −0.30* −0.015 0.522 −0.008 21.0  
 Richest −0.33* −0.010 0.761 −0.008 21.3 38.2
Religion
 Hindu 1.00      
 Muslim 0.41* 0.005 0.146 0.001 −2.1  
 Sikh 0.06 −0.001 0.311 0.000 1.2  
 Others −0.17 −0.002 0.295 −0.001 1.4 0.6
Caste
 Scheduled Caste 1.00      
 Scheduled Tribe 0.06 0.000 −0.444 0.000 −0.5  
 Other Backward Class −0.05 0.002 −0.029 0.000 0.1  
 Others 0.06 0.004 0.220 0.001 −2.5 −2.8
Place of residence
 Rural 1.00      
 Urban −0.16* −0.003 0.248 −0.001 2.2 2.2
State
 Himachal Pradesh 1.00      
 Punjab 0.05 −0.001 0.331 0.000 0.5  
 West Bengal 0.56* 0.010 −0.163 −0.002 4.7  
 Orissa 0.79* 0.015 −0.368 −0.006 15.4  
 Maharashtra −0.26* −0.009 − 0.126 0.001 −3.2  
 Kerala −1.04* −0.030 0.350 −0.011 28.9  
 Tamil Nadu 0.22* 0.003 −0.221 −0.001 1.7 48.0
Calculated CCI     −0.037 100.0  
Actual CCI     −0.073   
Residual     −0.036   
  1. CCI Concentration Index; *if p < 0.05
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BMC Public Health

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