Variables | Gravity score of processed food (GSPF) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Null (n = 28) | Mild (n = 74) | Moderate (n = 66) | Severe (n = 68) | P | |
Growth variables (in z-scores) | |||||
Crude averagesI (mean (SD)) | |||||
WHZ | −0.16a (1.15) | 0.32ab (1.24) | 0.63b (1.13) | 0.18ab (1.46) | 0.040 |
BAZ | −0.24c (1.18) | 0.22cd (1.25) | 0.54d (1.13) | 0.08cd (1.46) | 0.041 |
WAZ | −0.37 (0.83) | 0.11 (1.05) | 0.24 (1.12) | 0.02 (1.34) | 0.129 |
Adjusted averagesIII (mean (SD)) | |||||
WHZ | −0.28e [− 0.84; 0.27] | 0.21ef [− 0.12; 0.54] | 0.78f [0.42; 1.13] | 0.21ef [− 0.16; 0.58] | 0.011 |
BAZ | −0.29g [− 0.83; 0.25] | 0.12gh [− 0.21; 0.46] | 0.61h [0.27; 0.96] | 0.12gh [− 0.25; 0.49] | 0.037 |
WAZ | − 0.40i [− 0.85; 0.06] | 0.03ij [− 0.31; 0.25] | 0.36j [0.07; 0.64] | 0.16ij [− 0.18; 0.43] | 0.049 |
Breastfeeding variables (in days) | |||||
Crude averagesII (median [25; 75]) | |||||
EBF time | 17.50kl [3.25; 149.75] | 32.00k [5.00; 120.00] | 6.00lm [1.00; 30.00] | 2.00m [1.00; 19.25] | < 0.001 |
Non EBF time | 180.00n [180.00; 180.00] | 180.00n [180.00; 180.00] | 180.00o [60.00; 180.00] | 180.00o [60.00; 180.00] | < 0.001 |
Adjusted averagesIV (mean (SD)) | |||||
EBF timeV | 19.20pq [9.50; 39.10] | 23.80p [15.60; 36.30] | 7.23qr [4.68; 11.15] | 3.27r [2.07; 5.16] | < 0.001 |
Non EBF timeV | 175.40s [120.70; 254.40] | 162.60s [129.10; 205.00] | 91.60t [72.60; 115.40] | 86.70t [67.30; 111.60] | < 0.001 |