Table 6 Multi-Group Comparison of the Descriptive Characteristics of the Participants and the Sub-Dimensions of the Perception of Causes of COVID-19 Scale

City of residence

Conspiracy Theories

İstanbul (a)

690

2.92

1.03

2.85

3.00

g > c

Ankara (b)

158

3.02

0.95

2.87

3.17

İzmir (c)

98

2.43

0.97

2.23

2.62

Adana (d)

46

3.04

0.91

2.77

3.31

Samsun (e)

71

3.11

0.91

2.90

3.33

Şanlıurfa (f)

60

3.06

0.96

2.81

3.31

Van (g)

93

3.14

0.94

2.95

3.33

Environmental Factors

İstanbul

690

2.90

0.88

2.84

2.97

Ankara

158

2.86

0.85

2.72

2.99

İzmir

98

2.85

0.92

2.66

3.03

Adana

93

2.91

0.85

2.74

3.08

Samsun

71

2.78

0.84

2.58

2.98

Şanlıurfa

60

2.79

0.80

2.58

3.00

Van

46

2.86

0.89

2.59

3.12

Faith Factors

İstanbul (a)

690

2.41

1.14

2.33

2.50

f > c

Ankara (b)

158

2.48

1.09

2.31

2.65

İzmir (c)

98

1.93

0.94

1.74

2.11

Adana (d)

93

2.49

1.07

2.27

2.71

Samsun (e)

71

2.43

1.02

2.19

2.67

Şanlıurfa (f)

60

2.66

1.10

2.38

2.95

Van (g)

46

2.52

1.00

2.23

2.82

Educational Level

Conspiracy Theories

Primary education (a)

42

3.29

1.02

2.97

3.61

a > d

High school (b)

125

3.04

0.98

2.87

3.22

Bachelor’s degree (c)

755

2.91

1.04

2.82

3.00

Postgraduate (d)

294

2,86

0.90

2.73

2.98

Environmental Factors

Primary education (a)

42

2.84

0.79

2.81

3.39

High school (b)

125

2.86

0.83

2.70

2.98

Bachelor’s degree (c)

755

2.87

0.88

2.80

2.95

Postgraduate (d)

294

2.85

0.84

2.75

2.98

Faith Factors

Primary education (a)

42

3.12

1.13

2.77

3.47

a > d

High school (b)

125

2.75

1.16

2.55

2.96

Bachelor’s degree (c)

755

2.22

1.06

2.13

2.31

Postgraduate (d)

294

2.19

1.10

2.20

2.50

Employment Status

Conspiracy Theories

Full-time (a)

737

2.84

1.00

2.77

2.92

e > a

Part-time (b)

54

2.86

1.05

2.99

3.57

Retired (c)

53

2.89

0.91

2.64

3.14

Student (d)

230

3.01

1.01

2.87

3.14

Unemployed (e)

142

3.17

1.00

3.00

3.34

Environmental Factors

Full-time (a)

737

2.81

0.88

2.75

2.88

Part-time (b)

54

2.84

0.78

2.63

3.06

Retired (c)

53

2.89

0.84

2.72

3.18

Student (d)

230

2.88

0.79

3.00

3.21

Unemployed (e)

142

2.80

0.85

2.66

2.95

Faith Factors

Full-time (a)

737

2.23

1.05

2.15

2.30

e > a

Part-time (b)

54

2.68

1.17

2.36

3.00

Retired (c)

53

2.82

1.34

2.46

3.19

Student (d)

230

2.49

1.04

2.35

2.62

Unemployed (e)

142

2.97

1.15

2.78

3.17