Adverse Childhood experiences | Non-Violent men | Violent men | Violent men | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
National N = 1242 (46.8%) | Glasgow east N = 470 (17.7%) | National N = 655 (69.4%) | Glasgow east N = 289 (30.6%) | National cf. Glasgow East | |||||
N(%) | N(%) | Model 1 AOR(95%CI) | N(%) | Model 1 AOR(95%CI) | N(%) | Model 1 AOR(95%CI) | Model 1 AOR(95%CI) | Model 2 AOR(95%CI)a | |
Bullying | 341(27.5) | 116(24.7) | 0.86 (0.68–1.10) | 249(38.0) | 1.67*** (1.37–2.05) | 98(33.9) | 1.46* (1.04–1.79) | 0.86 (0.68–1.10) | 0.86 (0.61–1.21) |
Witnessed violence in home | 85(6.8) | 51(10.9) | 1.63** (1.13–2.35) | 131(20.0) | 3.64*** (2.71–4.89) | 100(34.6) | 7.43*** (5.34–10.32) | 1.62* (1.12–2.34) | 1.36 (0.93–1.98) |
Sexual abuse | 27(2.2) | 6(1.3) | 0.55 (0.22–1.37) | 21(3.2) | 1.65 (0.92–2.95) | 7(2.4) | 1.10 (0.47–2.60) | 0.55 (0.22–1.36) | 0.44 (0.16–1.19) |
Physical abuse | 51(4.1) | 16(3.4) | 0.82 (0.46–1.44) | 71(10.8) | 3.02*** (2.07–4.40) | 39(13.5) | 3.71*** (2.39–5.75) | 0.82 (0.46–1.44) | 0.84 (0.51–1.38) |
Neglect | 27(2.2) | 13(2.8) | 1.22 (0.62–2.39) | 49(7.5) | 3.82*** (2.36–6.18) | 23(8.0) | 3.91*** (2.21–6.93) | 1.23 (0.63–2.41) | 1.02 (0.54–1.93) |
Serious injury | 17(1.4) | 11(2.3) | 1.75 (0.82–3.73) | 30(4.6) | 3.68*** (2.01–6.74) | 19(6.6) | 5.24*** (2.70–10.17) | 1.74 (0.82–3.71) | 1.42 (0.67–2.99) |
In care | 22(1.8) | 11(2.4) | 1.31 (0.62–2.73) | 49(7.7) | 4.78*** (2.85–8.03) | 26(9.2) | 5.61*** (3.12–10.09) | 1.31 (0.63–2.75) | 0.79 (0.44–1.44) |
No. of ACE | |||||||||
 0 | 837(67.4) | 302(64.3) | 0.87 (0.70–1.09) | 311(47.5) | 0.42*** (0.35–0.51) | 112(38.8) | 0.30*** (0.23–0.39) | 0.71* (0.54–0.94) | 0.83 (0.59–1.16) |
 4 or more | 29(2.3) | 10(2.1) | 0.88 (0.43–1.83) | 42(6.4) | 3.23*** (1.99–5.26) | 28(9.7) | 4.63*** (2.70–7.93) | 1.42 (0.86–2.36) | 1.09 (0.59–2.01) |
 | Mean(SD) | Mean(SD) | P value | Mean(SD) | P value | Mean(SD) | P value | P value | P value |
No of ACEs | 0.52(1.01) | 0.55(0.96) | 0.811 | 1.04(1.37) | < 0.001 | 1.26(1.47) | < 0.001 | 0.066 | 0.066 |