Table 2 Logistic regression analysis of factors associated with informal caregiving
Factor | Crude OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|
Sex | ||
 Male | Ref | Ref |
 Female | 1.65 (1.34–2.04) | 1.52 (1.21–1.92)*** |
Age group (years) | ||
 18–35 | Ref | Ref |
 36–59 | 1.67 (1.25–2.23) | 1.61 (1.15–2.25)** |
 60 and above | 1.76 (1.23–2.52) | 1.48 (0.97–2.24) |
Marital status | ||
 Not married | Ref | Ref |
 Married | 1.25 (0.94–1.65) | 1.05 (0.76–1.45) |
Ethnicity | ||
 Malay | Ref | Ref |
 Non-Malay | 0.80 (0.61–1.05) | 0.83 (0.63–1.09) |
Education levela | ||
 No formal education | 1.28 (0.71–2.30) |  |
 Primary | 1.11 (0.76–1.63) |  |
 Secondary | 1.26 (0.94–1.69) |  |
 Tertiary | Ref | – |
Employment status | ||
 No | 1.34 (1.11–1.76) | 1.11 (0.84–1.48) |
 Yes | Ref | Ref |
Household income group | ||
 Low | 1.36 (0.98–1.88) | 1.23 (0.86–1.74) |
 Middle | 1.10 (0.77–1.59) | 1.13 (0.78–1.63) |
 High | Ref | Ref |
Residencya | ||
 Urban | 0.89 (0.70–1.13) |  |
 Rural | Ref | – |
Self-reported illness | ||
 No | Ref | Ref |
 Yes | 1.91 (1.49–2.47) | 1.79 (1.38–2.33)*** |
Perceived health status | ||
 Very poor to poor | Ref | Ref |
 Fair to excellent | 1.41 (1.09–1.83) | 1.00 (0.72–1.39) |
Presence of DM, HPT or HPC | ||
 No | Ref | Ref |
 Yes | 1.48 (1.14–1.90) | 1.07 (0.80–1.42) |