Table 2 Multivariable-adjusted multinomial logistic regression analysis for factors associated with lung impairment (N = 1653)
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) as predictor | No. of component of MetS as predictor | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Variable | Risk of obstructive or mixed type (n = 87) | Risk of restrictive type (n = 524) | Risk of obstructive or mixed type (n = 87) | Risk of restrictive type (n = 524) |
Male sex | 2.63 (1.39–4.97)* | 1.18 (0.88–1.59) | 2.61 (1.38–4.93)* | 1.20 (0.89–1.62) |
Age, years | 1.07 (1.04–1.10)* | 1.02 (1.01–1.04)* | 1.07 (1.04–1.10)* | 1.02 (1.01–1.04)* |
Education level, years | 0.995 (0.94–1.06) | 0.95 (0.92–0.98)* | 0.995 (0.94–1.06) | 0.95 (0.92–0.98)* |
Smoking (current user)* | 2.27 (1.14–4.53)* | 1.18 (0.78–1.78) | 2.30 (1.15–4.58)* | 1.16 (0.77–1.76) |
Betel nut (current user) | 2.33 (1.09–5.01)* | 1.20 (0.72–2.01) | 2.35 (1.09–5.04)* | 1.19 (0.71–1.98) |
Alcoholic drinking (current user) | 0.57 (0.27–1.22) | 0.89 (0.58–1.37) | 0.56 (0.27–1.20) | 0.90 (0.58–1.37) |
Intake vegetable ≥3 portions per day | 0.83 (0.39–1.77) | 0.88 (0.63–1.23) | 0.83 (0.39–1.77) | 0.87 (0.63–1.22) |
Fruit > 1.5 servings per day | 1.43 (0.69–2.96) | 0.88 (0.64–1.21) | 1.44 (0.69–2.98) | 0.88 (0.64–1.22) |
Intake of water > 1500 cc per day | 1.32 (0.79–2.20) | 0.93 (0.74–1.18) | 1.31 (0.79–2.19) | 0.93 (0.74–1.18) |
Exercise > 30 min, three times per week | 0.69 (0.40–1.20) | 0.89 (0.70–1.14) | 0.69 (0.40–1.19) | 0.89 (0.69–1.13) |
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) | 0.82 (0.51–1.33) | 1.61 (1.29–2.02)* | ||
Number of cardiometabolic risk factors | 0.91 (0.76–1.09) | 1.20 (1.10–1.31)* | ||